Pharmacology Flashcards
-Pharmacology-
Various medications are available to treat skin disorders,Because of their superficial nature and location, many skin disorders respond well to topical drug therapy. Such mild, localized skin disorders as contact dermatitis, acne, poison ivy, and diaper rash can be effectively treated with topical agents available as over-the-counter products.
Widespread or particularly severe dermatological disorders may require ___ treatment. For example, poison ivy with large areas of open, weeping lesions may be difficult to
treat with topical medication and may require a prescription-strength drug. In such a case, an oral ___ or ____ might be prescribed to relieve inflammation and severe itching
Systemic
Steroid
Antihistamine
_____Reduce acne through multiple mechanisms
Some of these medications decrease ___ in the follicles of the skin to prevent the formation of acne; others disrupt the stickiness of the follicular skin cells and decrease microcomedones (____ of the follicle, which fills with debris and bacteria to form comedones).
Genetic trade names are benzoyl ____ & tretinoin
Anti-acne agents
Bacteria
Widening
Peroxide
Alters the cell wall of fungi or disrupt enzyme activity, resulting in cell death
, help treat ringworm (tinea ______), athlete’s foot (tinea pedis), and fungal infection of the nail (_____). When topical antifungals are not effective, oral or _____ antifungal drugs may be necessary.
Generic trade names : itraconazole
Oral only
Terbinafine
Oral/topical
Fluconazole
-intravenous/oral
Antifungals
Corporis
OnychoMycosis
Intravenous
Inhibit allergic reactions of inflammation, redness, and itching caused by the release of histamine
In a case of severe itching, antihistamines may be given orally. As a group, these drugs are also known as _____ (pruritus means “itching”).
diphenhydramine(_____)
& hydroxyine
(Visteral,atarax)
Antihistamines
Anti-puritics
Benadryl
Kills insect parasites, such as mites and lice
used to treat ______ (mites) and ______ (lice). The drug is applied as a cream or lotion to the body and as a shampoo to treat the scalp.
Generic :
Lindane and permethrin
Antiparasitics
Scabies
Pediculosis
Topically applied agents that inhibit growth of bacteria, thus preventing infections in cuts, scratches, and surgical incisions
-Cover, cool, dry, or soothe inflamed skin
_____ do not penetrate the skin or soften it. Rather, they allow the natural healing process to occur by forming a long-lasting film that protects the skin from air, water, and clothing.
Antiseptics
(ethyl or isopropyl alcohol)&
hydrogen peroxide&
povidone-iodine
Protectives
Lotions like cetaphyl and ointment like Vaseline
Decrease inflammation and itching by suppressing the immune system’s inflammatory response to tissue damage
Topical, used to treat contact dermatitis, poison ivy, insect bites, psoriasis, seborrhea, and eczema. Oral may be prescribed for systemic treatment of severe or widespread inflammation or itching.
corticosteroids (hydrocortisone & triamcinolone)
Destroy and soften the outer layer of skin so that it is sloughed off or shed
Strong ones remove warts and corns and aid in penetration of antifungal drugs. Milder promote shedding of scales and crusts in eczema, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, and other conditions with dry, scaly skin. Weak ones irritate inflamed skin, acting as a tonic to accelerate healing.
Keratolytics ex salicylic acid, urea
Block sensation of pain by numbing the skin layers and mucous membranes
These topical drugs are administered directly by means of sprays, creams, gargles, suppositories, and other preparations. They provide temporary symptomatic relief of minor burns, sunburns, rashes, and insect bite
Topical anesthetics ex: lidocaine procaine
Abbreviations
1. BCC
2. C&S
3. CA
4. FS
- Basal cell carcinoma
- Culture and sensitivity.
- Cancer, chronological age. Cardiac arrest.
- Frozen section.
- ID
- BX bx
- I&D
- IMP
- Intradermal.
- Biopsy
- Incision and drainage.
- Impression similar with diagnoses.
- IV
- TNM
3.ung - XP, XDP
- Intravenous.
- Tumor-node- metastasis.
- Ointment.
- Xerodoma pigmentosum
