Pharmacology Flashcards
Analgesics
○ Lessens pain
○ Narcotics
○ Opiods
○ Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Anesthetics
Reduces or eliminates sensation
○ General
§ all tissues of the body
○ Local
§ Particular region of the body
Anti-biotics
○ Produced by microorganisms to either:
§ Inhibit
□ Bacteriostatic
§ Kill
□ Bacteriocidal
○ Target living things
Anticoagulants
○ Prevent the clotting of blood
○ Heparin
§ Natural
○ Warfarin
§ Synthetic
○ Tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA)
§ For strokes
○ Antiplatelet drugs
§ Reduces tendency for platelets to stick together
□ Heart attacks and strokes
Antidiabetics
○ Treat diabetes mellitus (absence or insensitivity to insulin).
○ Type I diabetics are typically treated with insulin.
○ Type II diabetics are typically treated with diet and oral antidiabetic drugs.
• Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin production.
• Biguanides increase sensitivity to insulin and decrease
glucose production.
• Thiazolidinedions enhance glucose uptake into tissues
(out of the blood stream).
• Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors block sugar digestion.
• Meglitinides stimulate insulin production in beta cells
Antiosteoporosis
○ Bisphosphonates
§ Prevent bone loss
○ Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs)
- Increase bone formation
Nitroglycerin
Dilate coronary blood vessels
Digoxin
Increase force of hearts pump
ACE inhibitors
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors - dilates blood vessels, lowers blood pressure
ARBs
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers - block angiotensin, lowers blood pressure
Beta blockers
Cardiovascular drug -
Decrease muscular tone, leads to vasodilation
Calcium channel blockers
Dilate blood vessels, lowers blood pressure
Cardiac glycosides
Increase the force of hearts contraction (digitalis aka digoxin)
Cholesterol binding drugs
Bind and prevent uptake of cholesterol
Cholesterol lowering drugs
Statin -
Reduce cholesterol production in the liver
Aromatase inhibitors
Reduce amount of estrogen in blood, treat breast cancer
Progestins
HRT and contraceptives
Glucocorticoids
Reduce inflammation
Growth hormone release-inhibiting factor
Somatostatin - acts as regulator - inhibits release of multiple hormones including somatotropin (GH)
Anti-tumor necrosis factor drugs
TNF drugs treat autoimmune diseases such as Crohns
Leukotriene modifiers
Block leukotriene (bronchoconstrictor) from binding to its receptor - can help prevent breathing problems associated with allergies, asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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