Pharmacology Flashcards
What are the THREE types of Drug names?
Chemical Name
Generic Name
Trade Name
What does the term Pharmacodynamics mean?
What a drug does to the body
What does the term Pharmacokinetics mean?
What the body does to a drug
What does the term Agonist mean?
Drugs which bind to receptors and activate them.
What does the term Antagonist mean?
Drugs which bind to receptors and deactivate them.
What are the FOUR pharmacokinetic processes?
Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
What factor could influence Absorption?
The route of deliver,
Drugs ability to dissolve,
Blood flow to the area of absorption.
What factors could influence Distribution?
Tissue blood supply,
capillary permeability,
cardiac function.
What factors could influence Metabolism?
Genetics,
Diet,
Morbidity,
Age.
What factors could influence Excretion?
Age,
Diet,
What are FIVE possible ways drugs can be excreted?
Bile, faeces, expired air, sweat, breast milk.
What is the Hepatic first pass effect?
Orally administered drugs travel first through the portal system and liver before entering the systemic circulation.
e.g Morphine: 30mg/Oral = 10mg/IV
What is Drug Bioavailability?
The proportion of the administered drugs travel first that reaches the systemic circulation intact.
-Drugs delivered via IV have 100% bioavailability
What is Enzyme Induction?
when a drug is present in the body for prolonged periods the amount of metabolising liver enzyme can increase - spreading up the metabolism process.
What is Enzyme Inhibition?
Substances that cause enzyme inhibition may lead to accumulation of drugs in the body - two drugs are competing for metabolism by the same liver enzymes.
What is an Adverse reaction?
Any response to a drug which is noxious or unintended & which occurs at doses normally and appropriately used in man for the prophylaxis, diagnosis or therapy of disease.
