Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Pharmacology > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Oral (PO)

A

Swallowed by mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Intravenous (IV)

A

Directly into the bloodstream via a vein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Intramuscular (IM)

A

Injected into a muscle (often deltoid, vastus lateralis, or the gluteal muscles )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Subcutaneous (subQ)

A

Injected into the hypodermis (adipose) layer under the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Intrathecal

A

Injected into the subarachnoid space of the spine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Additional methods of administration

A

Topically and transdermal
Inhaled
Rectal suppositories and vaginal suppositories
Direct injection into a specific site /joints, nerves /
Sublingual /under the tongue /

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Risks for most drugs used in pregnancy

A

A: remote risk of fetal harm
B: slightly more risk than A
C: greater risk than B
D: proven risk of fetal harm
X: proven risk of fetal harm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Suffix -tidine

A

Histamine 2 blocker - acid reducer
Cimetidine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Suffix : -prazole

A

PPI - acid reducer
Omeprazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Suffix: -cillin

A

Penicillin antibiotic family
Amoxicillin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Suffix: -cycline

A

Tetracycline antibiotic family
Tetracycline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Suffix: -floxacin

A

Fluoroquinolone antibiotic family
Levofloxacin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Suffix: -thromycin

A

Macrolide antibiotic family
Azithromycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Suffix: -micin, -mycin

A

Amino glycoside antibiotic family
Gentamicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Suffix: -azole

A

Antifungal
Itraconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Suffix: -triptan

A

Serotonin-receptor agonists used for migraine
Sumatriptan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Suffix: -denafil, -dalafil

A

Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction
Sildenafil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Suffix: -curium, -curonium

A

Neuromuscular blockers used for muscle relaxation during surgery
Pancuronium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Suffix: -zosin

A

Alpha-adrenergic blocker used for hypertension and benign prostatic hypertrophy
Prazosin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Suffix: -olol, -lol

A

Beta-adrenergic blocker BB
Metoprolol, Atenolol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Suffix: -zepam, -zolam

A

Benzodiazepine BDZ - anti-anxiety med
Diazepam

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Suffix: -pril

A

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors ACE
Lisinopril

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Suffix: -artan

A

Angiotensin receptor blocker ARB
Candesartan,

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Suffix: -dipine

A

Calcium channel blockers CCB
Amlodipine

25
Q

Suffix: -statin

A

Lipid /cholesterol/ lowering drugs
Atorvastatin

26
Q

Suffix: -ase, -plase

A

Thrombolytic used to dissolve clots
Alteplase

27
Q

Suffix: -parin

A

Anticoagulant
Heparin, Enoxaparin

28
Q

Suffix: -sone, -olone

A

Corticosteroid
Prednisone, Prednisolone

29
Q

Suffix: -dronate

A

Bisphosphonate for osteoporosis
Alendronate

30
Q

Suffix: -terol

A

Bronchodilator used for asthma and COPD
Albuterol

31
Q

Suffix: -thiazide

A

Diuretics
Hydrochlorothiazide

32
Q

Suffix: -vir

A

Antiviral
Acyclovir

33
Q

Pharmacology

A

Study of drugs and their interactions with living systems

34
Q

OTC

A

Over the counter / able to be bought without a prescription /

35
Q

Iatrogenic disease

A

A drug or physician induced disease

36
Q

Hepatotoxic

A

Drugs that may cause liver failure

37
Q

QT interval drugs

A

Cause dangerous cardiac dysrhythmias

38
Q

Physical dependence

A

Long term use of certain drugs, such as opioid’s, alcohol, barbiturates, amphetamines / some people refer to this “addiction ”/

39
Q

Idiosyncratic effects

A

An adverse drug reaction based on a genetic predisposition

40
Q

Carcinogenic effect

A

Drug induced cancer

41
Q

Teratogenic effect

A

Drug induced birth defect

42
Q

Pregnancy category

A

A: remote risk of fetal harm
B: slightly more risk than A
C: greater risk than B
D: proven risk of fetal harm
X: proven risk of fetal harm

43
Q

Drugs should be avoided in pregnancy due to teratogenicity

A

Anticancer / immunosuppressant drugs /methotrexate/
Anti-seizure drugs
Androgens /danazol, finasteride, dutasteride /
ACE inhibitors
ARB blockers
Anti-thyroid
Fluoroquinolone antibiotics / ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin /
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors / -statins /
Isotretinoin /Accutane/ used for acne
Lithium used for bipolar disorder
NSAIDs drugs / ibuprofen and others /
Megadoses of vitamin A
Tetracycline antibiotics / minocycline, doxycycline /
Warfarin / Coumadin /

44
Q

Eating calcium containing foods while taking tetracycline antibiotics

A

Tetracycline’s bind with calcium to make an insoluble and non-absorbable complex.

45
Q

High fiber foods can reduce

A

Absorption of some drugs

46
Q

Grapefruit juice can inhibit

A

Metabolism of certain drugs , raising blood levels / possibly to dangerous levels /

47
Q

Monoamine oxidase MAO inhibitors / an antidepressant / combined with foods high in tyramine / found in cheeses, yeast extracts, Chianti wine / can cause

A

Blood pressure to rise to a dangerous level

48
Q

Foods rich in vitamin K / broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage / can reduce the effects of

A

Anticoagulants - such as Warfarin / Coumadin /

49
Q

Empty stomach means

A

One hour before meal or 2 hours after

50
Q

American Ginseng may interact with

A

NSAIDs
Anticoagulants
Antiplatelet
Digoxin
Diuretics
Antiretroviral
Chemotherapy medications

51
Q

St John’s Wort may decrease levels of

A

Antihyperlipidemic medications / -statin/ and some Calcium channel blockers
Should not be taken by a patient who take’s SSRI’s, anticoagulant, antiretroviral, anti seizure, oral contraceptive, some chemotherapy med

52
Q

Psyllium or other bulk forming laxatives

A

Should not be taken at the same time as oral medications as it may decrease absorption. / should wait about 4 hours between taking meds and psyllium /

53
Q

Iron can decrease

A

Tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, Synthroid

54
Q

Garlic may increase risk of bleeding

A

Patients taking NSAIDs
Anticoagulant and anti platelet med
/ may also decrease effectiveness of antiretrovirals and hypoglycemic medications /

55
Q

Ginkgo

A

Increase bleeding who take a NSAIDs and anticoagulant, antiplatelet.
May also interact with anti seizure, hypoglycemic, diuretics meds

56
Q

Saw palmetto increase

A

Bleeding with NSAIDs, anticoagulant and anti-platelet

57
Q

Ginger

A

Bleeding with NSAIDs, anticoagulants, antiplatelet

58
Q

Kava

A

May cause liver damage. Should not be taken with meds that affect the liver or hepatotoxic.

59
Q
A

Amlodipine norvask

Pharmacology (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions