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RRT > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Bupropion hydrochloride

Zyban or Wellbutrin

A

anti-dpressant drugs which work well in comnbination with group counceling. Reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms

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2
Q

Varenicline (Chantix)

A

treats nicotine addiction

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3
Q

Midazolam

A

Sedative: promotes relaxation

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4
Q

Propofol (Diprivan)

A

Anesthetic: reduces ability to perceive sensation

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5
Q

Morphine

A

Analsthetics: reduce sensation of pain

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6
Q

osmotic agents to remove fluid from brain

A

Mannitol
Hypertonic Saline

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7
Q

leukocytosis
treatment

A

give antibiotics
(Increased WBC)

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8
Q

leukopenia
treatment

A

antiviral agents
(Decrease WBC)

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9
Q

Phosphatidylglycerol

PG

A
  • Phospholipid appearing at about 36 weeks gestation
  • Only performed on amniotic fluid
  • most reliable indicator of pul. maturity
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10
Q

Phosphatidylcholine or Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine

PC or DPPC

A

indicator for lung maturity
phospholipid- lecithing makes up the majority of the wieight of surfactant

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11
Q

increase heart rate (increase BP)

i.e atropine

A

Chronotropic drugs

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12
Q

decrease heart rate

i.e propranolol , antenolor

A

B-blockers or B antagonsit

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13
Q

increase contractility

i.e digoxin, digitalis

A

Positive inotropic drugs

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14
Q

decrease contractility (decrease BP)

i.e calcium chanel blockers

A

negative inotropic drugs

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15
Q

Name a chronotropic drug

A

atropine

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16
Q

Name a B-blocker or B-antagonist drug

A

atenolol, propranolol, labetalol

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17
Q

Name a positive inotropic drug

A

digitalis, digoxin

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18
Q

name a negative inotropic drug

A

calcium channel blockers

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19
Q

Furosemide

treats?

A

treat excessive fluids

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20
Q

treat vessel constriction with

A

vasodilators

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21
Q

treat vessel dilation with

A

vasocosntrictors

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22
Q

ACE inhibitors is a

A

vasodilator

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23
Q

Direct vasodilators

A

nitroprusside, hydralazine, milrinone

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24
Q

ACE inhibitors

A

Lisonopril, perindopril, captopril, enlapril

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25
Q

Name a vasoconstrictor

A

epinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine, phenylphrine

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26
Q

dobutamine and dopamine are

A

vasoconstrictors use during vessels dilation

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27
Q

Treatment for Atrial flutter

A

Digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers

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28
Q

Treatment for atrial fibrillation

A

Digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, anticoagulants, thrombolytics

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29
Q

treatment for pulseless (absent) ventricular tachycardia

A

defibrillate, CPR, epinephrine, amiodarone

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30
Q

treatment for ventricular tachycardia (pulse present)

A

Cardiovert

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31
Q

Short acting beta agonist

A

Albuterol
Levalbuterol

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32
Q

Anticholinergic agents

A

Ipratropium bromide
Tiotropium bromide

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33
Q

Tiotropium bromide is a/an

A

Anticholinergic agent

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34
Q

Fluticasone is a/ an

A

Inhaled corticosteroid

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35
Q

inhaled corticosteroids

A

Fluticasone, Budesonide , Triamcinolone

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36
Q

Budesonide is a/an

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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37
Q

Mycolytic agents

A

Scetylcysteine
Pulmozyme

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38
Q

Triamcinolone is a/an

A

inhaled corticosteroid

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39
Q

Pulmozyme si a/an

A

mucolytic agent

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40
Q

Acetylcysteine is a/an

A

Mucolytic agent

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41
Q

Tobramycin is a/an

A

antibiotic

42
Q

Treat respiratory syncytial virus with

RSV

A

Ribavirin (Virazole) with SPAG

43
Q

Long acting beta agonist

A

Salmeterol, formoterol

44
Q

Mast cell stabilizer

A

cromolyn sodium
nedocromil sodium

45
Q

Salmeterol is a

A

long acting beta agonist

46
Q

Cromolyn sodium is a

A

mast cell stabilizer

47
Q

formoterol is a/ an

A

LABA

48
Q

nedocromi sodium is a/an

A

mast cell stabilizer

49
Q

use to treat acetaminophen overdose

A

acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)

50
Q

indicated for treatment of acute episodes of bronchospasm

A

Short acting beta agonist

51
Q

Albuterol
levalbuterol

classification

A

short acting beta agonist

52
Q

work against the bronchoconstriction caused by the parasympathotic nervous system (decrease cyclic GMP)

A

anticholinergics (parasympatholytics)

i.e ipatropium bromide

53
Q

this inhibitor drug indirectly increases the amount of cAMP within smooth muscle. The increased level of cAMP causes bronchodilation

A

Methylxanthines

54
Q

given to increase diaphragmatic contractility and stimulate the CNS in infants with apnea of prematurity

A

Theophyline

55
Q

Theophyline (amimophylline)

class

A

Methylxanthines

56
Q

Theo-Dur

class

A

Methylxanthines

57
Q

caffeine

class

A

Methylxanthines

58
Q

non steroid drugs that have been approved for pt with mild to moderate persistent asthma

bot to be used for treatment of acute asthma attacks

A

Leukotriene Modifiers

59
Q

Leukotrien modifiers include

A

montelukast
Zafirlukast
Zileuton

60
Q

drugs that help prevent an asthma attack by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells and preventing the release of histamine and leukotrienes

A

Mast cell stabilizers

61
Q

recommended for pt with exercise induce asthma or exercised induce bronchospasm

A

mast cell stabilizers

62
Q

increase strength of myocardial contraction

A

inotropic agents

i.e Digitalis(Crystodigin), Digoxin (Lanoxin)

63
Q

indicated to lower blood pressure

A

vasodilator drugs

64
Q

Nitroprusside (Nipride)

A

vasodilator

65
Q

indicated to incrased blood pressure

A

Vasoconstrictor/ Vasopressor drugs

66
Q

soccinylcholine

class

A

depolarizing neuromuscular agent

67
Q

Given primarily for endotracheal intubation

A

Depolorizing blocking agents

68
Q

recomended when paralysis is indicate for longer period of time

A

Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents

69
Q

Pencuronium (Pavulon)

A

neuromuscular blocking agents

70
Q

Vecuronium (Norcuron)

A

neuromuscular blocking agents

71
Q

Atracurium (Tracrium)

A

neuromuscular blocking agents

72
Q

name any

neuromuscular blocking agents

A

Pancuronium (Pavulon)
Vecuronium (Norcuron)
Atracurium (Tracrium)
Cisatracurium (Nimbex)
Rocuronium (Zemuron)

73
Q

decrease anxiety and promote relaxation

A

Sedatives

74
Q

Benzodiazepines

A

Alprazolam (Xanax)
Diazepan (Valium)
Midazolam (Versed)
Lorazepam (Ativan)

75
Q

Alprazolam (Xanax)

class

A

Benzo

sedatives

76
Q

Diazepan (Valium)

A

Benzo

sedative

77
Q

What level of sedation should be achieved on the Ramsay Sedation Scale

A

Level 3 Responds to verbal commands (conscious sedation)

78
Q

reverses effects of sedatives

A

Flumazenil (Romazicon)

79
Q

reduces pts ability to perceive sensation

A

Anesthetics

i.e propofol (Diprivan)

80
Q

name an anesthetic

A

propofol (Diprivan)
Ketamine (Ketalar)

81
Q

reduce sensation of pain

A

Analgestics

Morphine

82
Q

Codeine

class

A

Analgesics

reduces pain

83
Q

list of Analgesics

A

Morphine
Codine
Mepridine (Demorol)
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Oxycodone
Hydrocodone

84
Q

Oxycodone

class

A

analgesics

reduces pain

85
Q

Fentanyl (Sublimaze)

class

A

analgesics

86
Q

used to prevent IRDS/HMD

A

Surfactant

87
Q

Surfactant examples

A

Calfactant (Infasurf)
Beractant (Survanta)
Poractant alfa (Curosurf)

88
Q

used for infections cause by methicillin-resistant taphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

A

Vancomycin

89
Q

Name a Antitubercular agent

A

Isoniazid (INH)
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Streptomucin
Cucloserine
Ethionamide

90
Q

used to treat Pneumocystic Jiroveci infections

common it pt with AIDs

A

Antipenumocystic agents

Pentamidine (NebuPent)

91
Q

If infection occurs with corticosteroids, treat with

A

Nystatin

92
Q

indications of pulmonary vasodilators

A
  • pulmonary hypertension
  • ARDS
  • Right venticular failure / cor pulmonale
93
Q

Pulmonary vasodilators

A
  • prostacyclins: epoprostenol (Flolan)
  • lloprost (Ventavis)
  • Sildenafil (Viagra
94
Q

Commonly used to liquefy secretions, humidify the airway and as a diluent for medication

A

0.9% saline -
isotonic /normal saline

95
Q

commonly used to induce sputum speciments, can irritate the airway and cause bronchospasm or secretion obstruction

A

1.8 -15% hypertonic saline

96
Q

for liquefying secretions and humidifying the airway

A

0.45% hypotonic saline
may be irritating an can cause swelling of dried retained secreations or bronchospasm

97
Q

short acting: used for anesthesia and sedation of ventilated patients

A

propofol

reduces ability to perceive sensation

98
Q

Blood thining medication

A

Apixaban (Eliquis)
Fondaparinux (Arixtra)
Heparin (Levenox)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
Wafarin (Coumadin)

99
Q

Myasthenic Crisi

weakness improves with Tensilon: give..

A

Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
Prostigmine (Neostigmine)

100
Q

Cholinergic Crisis

weakness worsen with Tensilon: Administer

A

Atropine to reverse Tensilon
* Atropine will relieve symptoms of a cholinergic crisis

101
Q

Medication for MRSA

A

Vancomycin (Vancocin)

RRT (12 decks)

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