Pharmacology Flashcards
1
Q
Bupropion hydrochloride
Zyban or Wellbutrin
A
anti-dpressant drugs which work well in comnbination with group counceling. Reduce nicotine withdrawal symptoms
2
Q
Varenicline (Chantix)
A
treats nicotine addiction
3
Q
Midazolam
A
Sedative: promotes relaxation
4
Q
Propofol (Diprivan)
A
Anesthetic: reduces ability to perceive sensation
5
Q
Morphine
A
Analsthetics: reduce sensation of pain
6
Q
osmotic agents to remove fluid from brain
A
Mannitol
Hypertonic Saline
7
Q
leukocytosis
treatment
A
give antibiotics
(Increased WBC)
8
Q
leukopenia
treatment
A
antiviral agents
(Decrease WBC)
9
Q
Phosphatidylglycerol
PG
A
- Phospholipid appearing at about 36 weeks gestation
- Only performed on amniotic fluid
- most reliable indicator of pul. maturity
10
Q
Phosphatidylcholine or Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine
PC or DPPC
A
indicator for lung maturity
phospholipid- lecithing makes up the majority of the wieight of surfactant
11
Q
increase heart rate (increase BP)
i.e atropine
A
Chronotropic drugs
12
Q
decrease heart rate
i.e propranolol , antenolor
A
B-blockers or B antagonsit
13
Q
increase contractility
i.e digoxin, digitalis
A
Positive inotropic drugs
14
Q
decrease contractility (decrease BP)
i.e calcium chanel blockers
A
negative inotropic drugs
15
Q
Name a chronotropic drug
A
atropine
16
Q
Name a B-blocker or B-antagonist drug
A
atenolol, propranolol, labetalol
17
Q
Name a positive inotropic drug
A
digitalis, digoxin
18
Q
name a negative inotropic drug
A
calcium channel blockers
19
Q
Furosemide
treats?
A
treat excessive fluids
20
Q
treat vessel constriction with
A
vasodilators
21
Q
treat vessel dilation with
A
vasocosntrictors
22
Q
ACE inhibitors is a
A
vasodilator
23
Q
Direct vasodilators
A
nitroprusside, hydralazine, milrinone
24
Q
ACE inhibitors
A
Lisonopril, perindopril, captopril, enlapril
25
Name a vasoconstrictor
epinephrine, dopamine, dobutamine, phenylphrine
26
dobutamine and dopamine are
vasoconstrictors use during vessels dilation
27
Treatment for Atrial flutter
Digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers
28
Treatment for atrial fibrillation
Digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, anticoagulants, thrombolytics
29
treatment for pulseless (absent) ventricular tachycardia
defibrillate, CPR, epinephrine, amiodarone
30
treatment for ventricular tachycardia (pulse present)
Cardiovert
31
Short acting beta agonist
Albuterol
Levalbuterol
32
Anticholinergic agents
Ipratropium bromide
Tiotropium bromide
33
Tiotropium bromide is a/an
Anticholinergic agent
34
Fluticasone is a/ an
Inhaled corticosteroid
35
inhaled corticosteroids
Fluticasone, Budesonide , Triamcinolone
36
Budesonide is a/an
inhaled corticosteroids
37
Mycolytic agents
Scetylcysteine
Pulmozyme
38
Triamcinolone is a/an
inhaled corticosteroid
39
Pulmozyme si a/an
mucolytic agent
40
Acetylcysteine is a/an
Mucolytic agent
41
Tobramycin is a/an
antibiotic
42
Treat respiratory syncytial virus with
| RSV
Ribavirin (Virazole) with SPAG
43
Long acting beta agonist
Salmeterol, formoterol
44
Mast cell stabilizer
*name two
cromolyn sodium
nedocromil sodium
45
Salmeterol is a
long acting beta agonist
46
Cromolyn sodium is a
mast cell stabilizer
47
formoterol is a/ an
LABA
48
nedocromi sodium is a/an
mast cell stabilizer
49
use to treat acetaminophen overdose
acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)
50
indicated for treatment of acute episodes of bronchospasm
Short acting beta agonist
51
Albuterol
levalbuterol
| classification
short acting beta agonist
52
work against the bronchoconstriction caused by the parasympathotic nervous system (decrease cyclic GMP)
anticholinergics (parasympatholytics)
| i.e ipatropium bromide
53
this inhibitor drug indirectly increases the amount of cAMP within smooth muscle. The increased level of cAMP causes bronchodilation
Methylxanthines
54
given to increase diaphragmatic contractility and stimulate the CNS in infants with apnea of prematurity
Theophyline
55
Theophyline (amimophylline)
| class
Methylxanthines
56
Theo-Dur
| class
Methylxanthines
57
caffeine
| class
Methylxanthines
58
non steroid drugs that have been approved for pt with mild to moderate persistent asthma
| bot to be used for treatment of acute asthma attacks
Leukotriene Modifiers
59
Leukotrien modifiers include
montelukast
Zafirlukast
Zileuton
60
drugs that help prevent an asthma attack by inhibiting the degranulation of mast cells and preventing the release of histamine and leukotrienes
Mast cell stabilizers
61
recommended for pt with exercise induce asthma or exercised induce bronchospasm
mast cell stabilizers
62
increase strength of myocardial contraction
inotropic agents
| i.e Digitalis(Crystodigin), Digoxin (Lanoxin)
63
indicated to lower blood pressure
vasodilator drugs
64
Nitroprusside (Nipride)
vasodilator
65
indicated to incrased blood pressure
Vasoconstrictor/ Vasopressor drugs
66
soccinylcholine
| class
depolarizing neuromuscular agent
67
Given primarily for endotracheal intubation
Depolorizing blocking agents
68
recomended when paralysis is indicate for longer period of time
Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents
69
Pencuronium (Pavulon)
neuromuscular blocking agents
70
Vecuronium (Norcuron)
neuromuscular blocking agents
71
Atracurium (Tracrium)
neuromuscular blocking agents
72
# name any
neuromuscular blocking agents
Pancuronium (Pavulon)
Vecuronium (Norcuron)
Atracurium (Tracrium)
Cisatracurium (Nimbex)
Rocuronium (Zemuron)
73
decrease anxiety and promote relaxation
Sedatives
74
Benzodiazepines
Alprazolam (Xanax)
Diazepan (Valium)
Midazolam (Versed)
Lorazepam (Ativan)
75
Alprazolam (Xanax)
| class
Benzo
| sedatives
76
Diazepan (Valium)
Benzo
| sedative
77
What level of sedation should be achieved on the Ramsay Sedation Scale
Level 3 Responds to verbal commands (conscious sedation)
78
reverses effects of sedatives
Flumazenil (Romazicon)
79
reduces pts ability to perceive sensation
Anesthetics
| i.e propofol (Diprivan)
80
name an anesthetic
propofol (Diprivan)
Ketamine (Ketalar)
81
reduce sensation of pain
Analgestics
| Morphine
82
Codeine
| class
Analgesics
| reduces pain
83
list of Analgesics
Morphine
Codine
Mepridine (Demorol)
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Oxycodone
Hydrocodone
84
Oxycodone
| class
analgesics
| reduces pain
85
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
| class
analgesics
86
used to prevent IRDS/HMD
Surfactant
87
Surfactant examples
Calfactant (Infasurf)
Beractant (Survanta)
Poractant alfa (Curosurf)
88
used for infections cause by methicillin-resistant taphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
Vancomycin
89
Name a Antitubercular agent
Isoniazid (INH)
Rifampin
Ethambutol
Streptomucin
Cucloserine
Ethionamide
90
used to treat Pneumocystic Jiroveci infections
| common it pt with AIDs
Antipenumocystic agents
| Pentamidine (NebuPent)
91
If infection occurs with corticosteroids, treat with
Nystatin
92
indications of pulmonary vasodilators
* pulmonary hypertension
* ARDS
* Right venticular failure / cor pulmonale
93
Pulmonary vasodilators
* prostacyclins: epoprostenol (Flolan)
* lloprost (Ventavis)
* Sildenafil (Viagra
94
Commonly used to liquefy secretions, humidify the airway and as a diluent for medication
0.9% saline -
isotonic /normal saline
95
commonly used to induce sputum speciments, can irritate the airway and cause bronchospasm or secretion obstruction
1.8 -15% hypertonic saline
96
for liquefying secretions and humidifying the airway
0.45% hypotonic saline
may be irritating an can cause swelling of dried retained secreations or bronchospasm
97
short acting: used for anesthesia and sedation of ventilated patients
propofol
| reduces ability to perceive sensation
98
Blood thining medication
Apixaban (Eliquis)
Fondaparinux (Arixtra)
Heparin (Levenox)
Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)
Wafarin (Coumadin)
99
Myasthenic Crisi
| weakness improves with Tensilon: give..
Pyridostigmine (Mestinon)
Prostigmine (Neostigmine)
100
Cholinergic Crisis
| weakness worsen with Tensilon: Administer
Atropine to reverse Tensilon
* Atropine will relieve symptoms of a cholinergic crisis
101
Medication for MRSA
Vancomycin (Vancocin)
