Mechanical ventilation

Question 1

Minute Volume

value

Answer 1

5-6 L/min

Question 2

Vital Capacity

Normal?…Acceptable ?

Answer 2

65-75 ml/kg

>10 ml/kg

Question 3

Maximum inspiratory pressure (MIP)
Negative inspiratory force (NIF)

Normal ?… Acceptable?

Answer 3

80 cmH2O
Accept: >20

negative #

Question 4

Minimum expiratory pressure (MEP)

Normal & acceptable

Answer 4

160 cmH2O

acceptable : 40 cmH20

Question 5

Spontaneous VT

Answer 5

5-8 mL/kg

Question 6

Deadspace

Vd/Vt (%)

Answer 6

20-40%

Question 7

Static compliance

Cts (mL/cmH2O)

Answer 7

60-100 mL/cmH2O

Question 8

A-a DO2 (100%O2)

Normal & accpetable ?

Answer 8

25-65 torr

accept : 66-300torr

Question 9

Shunt (Qs/Qt)%

Answer 9

<5%

Question 10

Acceptable shunt %

Answer 10

<20%

Question 11

Vent setting

Pressure (PC)

Answer 11

<35 cmH2O

Question 12

vent setting

FiO2

Answer 12

40-60%

Question 13

vent setting

PEEP

Answer 13

2-6 cmH2O

Question 14

Vent setting

Infant VT

Answer 14

4-6 ml/kg

Question 15

vent settin g

infant PIP

Answer 15

20-30 cmH2O

Question 16

vent setting

Infant Respiratory rate

Answer 16

20 - 30 breaths /min

Question 17

the frictional force that must be overcome during breathing

Answer 17

Airways resistance

Question 18

MODE

best for pt who have a problem inside the lungs

Answer 18

Volume controlled

Question 19

best for pt who have problem ouside the lungs or have low pulmonary complicance

ARDS ,ALI

Answer 19

Pressure Controlled

Question 20

increasing ___ will cause inspiratory time to happen faster (decrease i time)

Answer 20

Peakflow

Question 21

For pt with asthma recommend an inital VT of

Answer 21

4 ml/kg

Question 22

Alveolar ventilation is best increased by

Answer 22

increasing Vt

Question 23

common causes of decreasing lung compliance

Answer 23

• Atelectasis
• Pulmonary edema
• ARDS
• Pneumonia

treatment: increase PEEP or treat cause

Question 24

typical mean airway pressure vales:
Pt with normal compliance and resistance

Answer 24

5-10cmh2o

Question 25

typical mean airway pressure vales:

pt with obstructive disease

Answer 25

10-20 cmH2O

Question 26

typical mean airway pressure values:
pt with ARDS

Answer 26

15-30 cmh20

Question 27

Paw / mean airway pressure primariy effects

Answer 27

oxygenation

Question 28

Inverse ration ventilation is recommended for

Answer 28

• pt reqiring high FiO2(>60%) and PEEP(>15cmh2o)
• High PIP (>50cmh2o)
• low PaO2 with decreased compliance

Question 29

High frequency oscillator ventilation HFOV

Aplitude is the primary control off

Answer 29

PaCO2
(frequency is the second control)

Question 30

recomend HFOV for

Answer 30

severe lung injury like ARDS

Question 31

proning should be considered for pt wit ALI/ARDS when:

Answer 31

• Fio2 >60% and PEEP >12cmh2o
  or
• recruitment maneuver failed

Question 32

indications for NPPV

Answer 32

COPD
CHF
pulm. edema
Severe dyspnea
DNI

Question 33

Contraindications of NPPV

Answer 33

Cardiac or respiratory arrest
upper airway obstruction
unable to protec airway (aspiration, Dysphagia - dificulty swallowing)
unable to clear secretions
facial head trauma or surgery
uncooperative pt