Pharmacology Flashcards
Parasympathetic
Acetylcholine (miosis)
Sympathetic
Noradrenaline (mydriasis)
Full agonist
Drugs that and bind and fully activate receptor sites
Partial agonists
Drugs that bind to the receptor sites but have lower efficiency than full agonists
Antagonist
Prevent the neurotransmitter from activating the site
Topical drugs
Applied or absorbed through skin/mucus membrane
Chloramphenicol
P license
Acute bacterial conjunctivitis only
5 days
10ml 0.5% drops
4gms 1% ointment
Hazardous waste
Tropicamide Hydrochloride
Antimuscarinic antagonist
0.5% and 1%
POM medicine
Non-hazardous waste
Unwanted effect on accommodation
20mins to take effect
Lasts 8-9 hours
Phenylephine Hydrochloride
Used if HES recommends/ if cannot dilate enough
2.5% and 10%
P medicine
Cardiovascular reactions
Lasts 5-7 hours
Cyclopentolate Hydrochloride
1% or 0.5%
POM
Reduced accommodation for 7-8hours
Mydriasis for 24-36hours
Stings on insert
Fluroscein
Colours tear film
P medicine
Assesses corneal integrity, CL fitting, TBUT
Impregnated strips
OADR
Aspirin; subconjunctival haemorrhage
Steroids; cataracts, increase IOP
Hydroxychloroquine; retinopathy, keratopathy
Tamoxifen; mydriasis, reduced accommodation
Piriton; blurred vision, mydriasis