Pharmacology Flashcards
Describe diffusion, in simple terms.
Movement of molecules from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure.
What is the difference between (simple) diffusion and facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion involves the movement of molecules down a gradient (concentration/pressure) with the help of a carrier protein or ion gradient. Simple diffusion is not assisted by an outside source.
What is the difference between (simple) diffusion and active transport?
Active transport involves the movement of molecules powered by ATP while simple diffusion is not assisted by an outside source.
Define the term “Blood hydrostatic pressure”.
Defines the pressure created by the fluid inside a blood vessel pushing out against the vessel walls.
Define the term “Interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure”.
The pressure created by the fluid pushing on the blood vessel walls from the outside (intracellular or interstitial space).
Define the term “Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure”.
The pressure created by the sucking force of fluid leaving the cell/vessel and moving out into the interstitial space.
Define the term “Blood colloid osmotic pressure”.
The pressure created by the sucking force of fluid leaving the interstitial space and entering the blood vessel/cell.
What does the shorthand notation OD mean in terms of medication?
Taken once daily
What does the shorthand notation BID mean in terms of medication?
Taken twice daily
What does the shorthand notation TID mean in terms of medication?
Taken three times daily
What does the shorthand notation QID mean in terms of medication?
Taken four times daily
What does the shorthand notation QHS mean in terms of medication?
Taken before bedtime
What does the shorthand notation Q4H mean in terms of medication?
Taken every 4 hours
What does the shorthand notation STAT mean in terms of medication?
Taken immediately
What does the shorthand notation PRN mean in terms of medication?
Taken as needed
What does the shorthand notation AC mean in terms of medication?
Taken before meals
What does the shorthand notation PC mean in terms of medication?
Taken after meals
What does the shorthand notation PO mean in terms of medication?
administered orally
What does the shorthand notation IM mean in terms of medication?
Administered intramuscularly
What does the shorthand notation IV mean in terms of medication?
Administered intravenously
What does the shorthand notation IVP mean in terms of medication?
Administered by intravenous push
What does the shorthand notation SC mean in terms of medication?
Administered subcutaneously
What does the shorthand notation PR mean in terms of medication?
Administered rectally
What does the shorthand notation ID mean in terms of medication?
Administered intradermally
Describe, in simple terms, the focus of pharmacokinetics.
How drugs enter the body, reach the target organ, and are eliminated.
Describe, in simple terms, the focus of pharmacodynamics.
How the body responds to an administered drug and its affects on the body.
With regards to drugs and drug action, what does the term “efficacy” describe?
The ability of a drug to induce a clinical response.
With regards to drugs and drug action, what does the term “potency” describe?
The relative amount of medication needed to produce a desired response.
