Allergic Reactions and Anaphylaxis

Question 1

What is the difference between allergy and anaphylaxis?

Answer 1

Allergy: an exaggerated immune response to a benign foreign substance
Anaphylaxis: a systemic immune response to a benign foreign substance which can be life-threatening

Question 2

What is the difference between an antigen and an antibody?

Answer 2

Antigen: a foreign substance which induces an immune response
Antibody: a protein produced by the immune system in response to harmful substances

Question 3

What is the function of mast cells?

Answer 3

To release histamine during allergic reactions.

Question 4

When might you consider giving salbutamol to a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

Answer 4

Only after administering epinephrine IF there is residual bronchoconstriction.

Question 5

When might you consider giving normal saline IV to a patient experiencing anaphylaxis?

Answer 5

Only after administering epinephrine IF systolic blood pressure is still less than 90 mmHg.