Pharmacology Flashcards
what are ACE inhibitors?
Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors
(ACE inhibitors)
are a class of medication used primarily for the treatment of high blood pressure and heart failure
This medication will help relax the veins and arteries to lower blood pressure.
ACE inhibitors prevent an enzyme in the body from producing angiotensin II, a substance that narrows blood vessels. This narrowing can cause high blood pressure and forces the heart to work harder. Angiotensin II also releases hormones that raise blood pressure.
what is Angiotensin II ?
angiotensin II
is a substance that narrows blood vessels. This narrowing can cause high blood pressure and forces the heart to work harder.
Why do we need to inhibit the production of Angiotensin II ?
By inhibiting the production of Angiotensin II, it will cause relaxation of blood vessels as well as a decrease in blood volume, which leads to lower blood pressure and decreased oxygen demand from the heart.
What are these class of medications?
Benazepril (Lotensin)
Captopril
Enalapril (Vasotec)
Fosinopril
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
Moexipril
Perindopril
Quinapril (Accupril)
Ramipril (Altace)
Trandolapril
ACE Inhibitors
Which class of medication are used to prevent, treat or improve symptoms in conditions such as:
High blood pressure (hypertension)
Coronary artery disease
Heart failure
Diabetes
Certain chronic kidney diseases
Heart attacks
A disease that involves hardening of the skin and connective tissues (scleroderma)
Migraines
ACE inhibitors
People with chronic kidney disease may benefit from having which medication as a blood pressure medicatoin ?
ACE inhibitor
Which other blood pressure medication could be prescribed with an ACE inhibitor ?
A Diuretic or Calcium Channel Blocker
ACE inhibitors can cause this rare adverse effect:________
ANGIOEDEMA
Rarely, some areas of the tissues to swell (angioedema). If swelling occurs in the throat, it can be life-threatening.
What medication may decrease the effectiveness of ACE Inhibitors?
A) NSAIDS
B) Acetaminophen
c) Cholesterol medicatins
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve), decrease the effectiveness of ACE inhibitors. Taking an occasional dose of these medications shouldn’t affect how an ACE inhibitor works, but talk to your doctor if you regularly take NSAIDs.
Can ACE Inhibitors cause birth defects?
YES
Taking ACE inhibitors during pregnancy increases the risk of birth defects in the baby. If you’re pregnant or plan to become pregnant, talk to your doctor about other options to treat high blood pressure.
Which class of medications work by preventing calcium from entering the cells of the heart and arteries.
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
these are medications used to lower blood pressure. By blocking calcium, calcium channel blockers allow blood vessels to relax and open.
Some calcium channel blockers can also slow the heart rate, which can further lower blood pressure.
Calcium channel blockers are also called calcium antagonists.
Does Calcium causes the heart and arteries to squeeze (contract) more strongly ? and what happens to the blood pressure ?
CALCIUM Raises the blood pressure.
What blood pressure medication may also be prescribed to relieve chest pain (angina) and control an irregular heartbeat.
Calcium channel blockers
Which class of Medications are these:
Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Diltiazem (Cardizem, Tiazac, others)
Felodipine
Isradipine
Nicardipine
Nifedipine (Procardia)
Nisoldipine (Sular)
Verapamil (Calan SR, Verelan)
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
What class of medications can be used to prevent, treat, improve symptoms of the following conditions:
High blood pressure
Coronary artery disease
Chest pain (angina)
Irregular heartbeats (arrhythmia)
Blood vessel conditions, such as Raynaud’s disease
CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS
