Pharmacology Flashcards
1
Q
ACE Inhibitor
A
- Management of heart failure; Decreases BP; Decreases cardiac remodeling
- angioedema (benadryl)
2
Q
Albumin
A
- Tx of low protein / patients with extravasation of fluid to the third spaces (think post burn or post resuscitation from sepsis)
- increases the oncotic pressure and draws fluid back into the vasculature and out of interstitial spaces
3
Q
Amiodarone
A
ACLS Dosage:
- VTach without pulse/V-fib = 300 mg IV/IO; 150 mg IV/IO
- VTach with a pulse: 150 mg
- Cardiac Phase - 3 / Class III drug
4
Q
Atropine
A
- Management of organophosphate poisoning
- Management of symptomatic bradycardia
- Pre-tx for RSI with pediatric pts (<5 yrs)
5
Q
Betamethasone / Dexamethasone
A
- Steroid to assist with fetal lung development in premature infants
- Given via IV to mother for pre-term labor
6
Q
Calcium Chloride
A
- For magnesium toxicity
- For EKG changes in presence of crush injury
7
Q
Cerebryx (Fosphenytoin)
A
- Second line seizure therapy (if benzos are not working)
- Given for prophylactic seizure tx in TBI pts
8
Q
Crofab
A
- Admin for snake envenomation with acute symptoms of neurological dysfunction or tissue compromise
- Multiple vials over hours are needed for complete tx
9
Q
Cyanokit (Hydroxocobalamin)
(amyl nitrate/sodium nitrate/sodium thianosulfate)
A
- admin when exposed to cyanide (fire or Nipride infusion without protective bag)
- Sx of cyanide toxicity inc: tachycardia and hypertension with presence of toxicity pathology
10
Q
Dantrolene
A
- antidote for malignant hyperthermia
- sx onset after paralytic is administered (inhaled anesthetics or Anectine)
- S/S inc: increased ETCO2, increased HR, increased temp
11
Q
DDAVP (Desmopressin)
A
- Tx diabetes insipidus by working on the hypothalamus
- Therapeutic levels are present when pt has a decrease in urine output back to 30-50 ml/hr (adults)
12
Q
Demerol
A
- Pain mgmt
- Not utilized with most RSI protocols
13
Q
Diazoxide
A
- tx: hypoglycemia caused by pancreas cancer, surgery, or other conditions.
- works by preventing release of insulin from the pancreas
14
Q
Dilantin (Phenytoin)
A
- Second line seizure therapy when benzos are not controlling seizures
- Prophylactic seizure tx in TBI pts
15
Q
Dobutamine
A
- Vasopressor therapy
- Seen with cardiogenic shock patients as it increases SV
16
Q
Dopamine
A
- Tx hypotension
- Caution with pts with increased lactate or cardiac dysfunction due to causing lg increase in O2 demand due to increased HR
17
Q
Epinephrine
A
- ACLS protocols (epi every 3-5 min; IV/IO)
- Admin for catecholamine dependent pts that are hypotensive prior to RSI
- Admin for hypotension (push dose pressor for adults)
– 1cc of 1:10,000 Epi and mix with 9 cc NS
– Admin 0.5-2.0 mL per dose which is 5-20 mcg.
– Need more than 3? consider Epi infusion at 2-10 mcg/min
18
Q
Etomidate
A
- sedative for RSI admin at 0.3 mg/kg
- can only utilize 1x, due to adrenal suppression
- contraindicated in septic pts or anyone with adrenal insufficiency
19
Q
Fentanyl
A
- Tx: pain mgmt and post RSI to assist with discomfort
- Pt intubated? admin with sedation as well
20
Q
Heparin
A
- Admin in central lines to keep them from occlusion
- Prior to using central line that was d/c, withdraw 10-20 mL of blood from the line and discard
- Also admin to AMI pts in the cath lab, or during the clotting stages of DIC
- reversal: protamine
21
Q
Hydralazine
A
- Admin for hypertension
- Can be given to OB pts for pre-eclampsia tx of HTN while Mag Sulfate is being set up
- Also seen with acute HTN
22
Q
Indomethacin
A
- Given in NICU for a pt with a fetal duct that is open and the presence of a ductal dependent cardiac lesion that is not present.
- When the doc wants to close the duct, Indomethacin is admin.
- NSAID - decreases the prostaglandin synthesis and allows the ducts to close (prostaglandins keep ducts open)