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CCMA > Pharmacokinetics / Routes > Flashcards

Pharmacokinetics / Routes Flashcards

1
Q

Absorption

A

Body converts medication into a form that can be used/move through blood

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2
Q

What form takes the longest to be absorbed?

A

Tablets/Capsules

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3
Q

What form takes the shortest to be absorbed?

A

Oral Liquid through intestines

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4
Q

Distribution

A

Transportation of medication through the body

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5
Q

What 2 barriers exist in Distribution

A

Blood-Brain
Placental

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6
Q

Metabolism

A

Changes active forms of medication into metabolites to be ready for excretion

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7
Q

Primary / Secondary organs that work in Metabolism

A

Primary~ Liver
Secondary~ Kidney

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8
Q

What types of people have weaker metabolisms?

A

Older People / Infants or New Borns

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9
Q

Excretion

A

The removal of a medications metabolites from the body

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10
Q

PARENTERAL ROUTES

A

PARENTERAL ROUTES

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11
Q

Where are Parenteral Routes administered?

A

Outside the GI tract

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12
Q

What is IM?

A

Intramuscular

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13
Q

What angle is IM administered as?

A

90 degree angle

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14
Q

What is the needle size?
Gauge / Inches

A

20-23 G
1-3 IN

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15
Q

Appropriate sites of injection for IM?

A

Deltoid, Vastus Lateralis, Ventrogluteal Muscles

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16
Q

Medications administered through IM?

A

Vaccines , Pain Meds , Antibiotics

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17
Q

What does SQ mean?

A

Subcutaneous

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18
Q

What degree is SQ administered as ?

A

45 Degrees

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19
Q

What is the needle size of SQ?
Gauge / Inch

A

25-26 G
1/2 - 5/8 inch

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20
Q

Appropriate Injections sites for SQ?

A

Abdomen, Anterior Thighs, Upper Outer Arm, Upper Back

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21
Q

Examples of medications administered as SQ?

A

Insulin, Heparin, Enoxaparin

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22
Q

What does ID mean?

A

Intradermal

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23
Q

What degree is ID administered as?

A

10-15 Degrees

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24
Q

What is the needle size for ID injection?
Gauge / Inch

A

27-28 G
3/8 Inch

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25
Appropriate injection sites for ID?
Upper chest, forearms, upper back
26
Examples of medications given ID?
TB Test, Allergy test
27
What does IV mean?
Intravenous
28
What degree should an IV be administered as?
25 degrees
29
What is the needle size(s) for an IV? Gauge
18 , 20 , 22 G
30
Appropriate sites of Injection for an IV?
Major veins , Arms / Hands
31
What are the two ways to administer medication via IV?
IV Primary~ Big Bag, Hydrating, Normal Rate IVPB~ Secondary line, antibiotic, smaller, hung higher
32
What are 2 different ways to administer an IV Medication?
IVP ~ Pushed directly into IV (1 mL) Bolus ~ Squeezing all fluid into IV
33
What does TD mean?
Transdermal
34
What are examples of medication patches?
Nicotine, Morphine, Patches, Fentanyl
35
Things to keep in mind about transdermal?
Wear gloves, changes patch sites
36
What does TOP mean?
Topical
37
What forms of medications are applied Topically
Creams, Lotions, Medical Powders, Ointments
38
Examples of medications applied Topically?
Calamine Lotion, Neosporin, Hydrocortisone, Ring-Worm Cream
39
Things to keep in mind when administering Topical medications?
Wear Gloves
40
What does INH mean?
Inhalation
41
Forms of medications administered through inhalation?
Sprays , Aerosols , Mists, Steam, Dry Powders
42
Examples of medications administered through inhalation
Albuterol inhaler, Advair Disks, nebulizer, DuoNeb
43
Things to keep in mind when administering Inhaled medications
Inhaler- Inhale deeply, hold for 10 seconds Nebulizer- breathe normally, occasional deep breaths
44
What does OPTH mean?
Opthalmic
45
What does OU mean?
Both Eyes
46
What does OS mean?
Left Eye
47
What does OD mean?
Right Eye
48
What forms of medications are administered opthalmically
Drops / Ointments
49
Examples of medications administered opthalmically
Antibiotics, Visime hydration drops, glaucoma eye drops
50
Things to keep in mind when administering ophthalmic medications
Gloves, do not touch applicator to eye, administer drops in the inner canthus
51
What does Auricular / Otic mean?
Ear
52
What does AS mean?
Left Ear
53
What does AD mean?
Right Ear
54
What does AU mean?
Both Ears
55
What forms of medications are administered Otically
Drops / Ointments
56
What examples of medications are administered Otically
Anti biotic (Otitis Media) , Antifungal (Swimmers Ear)
57
Things to keep in mind when administering medications Otically
Don't touch applicator to ear, lay for 5-10 mins, put cotton ball in
58
What does NASAL mean?
Nose
59
Forms of medications administered nasally?
Sprays, mists , drops, aerosols
60
Examples of medications administered nasally?
Flonase , Afrin
61
What to keep in mind when administering medications nasally?
plug opposite nose of the given nostril, and never share
62
What does PV mean?
Per Vagina
63
PV also goes along with Vaginal
PV also goes along with Vaginal
64
What forms of medications are given PV?
Tablets, Suppositories, Creams, Foams, Solutions
65
Examples of medications given PV?
Monistat (yeast infection) , Miconazole Cream (Anti-fungal)
66
Things to keep in mind when administering medications PV?
Use application provided, and lay down 5-10 mins after giving medications
67
ENTERAL ROUTES
ENTERAL ROUTES
68
Where are Enteral routes administered?
Within the GI tract
69
What does SL mean?
Sub-Lingual
70
What forms of medications are administered SL?
Dissolvable tiny tablets
71
Examples of medications administered SL?
Zofran (Antiemetic) , Nitrostat (Chest pain / Heart Attack)
72
Things to keep in mind when administering SL medications?
Tell patient to put under their tongue, and take a mint possibly if taste is bad.
73
What does BUCC mean?
Buccal
74
What forms of medications are applied Buccally?
Strips or Films
75
Examples of medications administered Buccally?
Suboxone (Addicts that are detoxing)
76
Things to keep in mind when giving medications buccally
Maybe take a mint?
77
What does PO mean?
By Mouth
78
Forms of medications administered PO
Tablets , Capsules , Caplets, Syrups, Suspensions , Elixirs, Powders
79
What pills can be scored?
Ones that have a line
80
What pills can be crushed?
No casing, compacted powder
81
How do you administer Crushed medication PO?
Small bite of pudding / apple sauce
82
What is the order of the GI tract?
Mouth --> Esophagus --> Stomach --> Small Intestines --> Large Intestines
83
What forms of meds are absorbed in the stomach?
No casing Can taste right away
84
What forms of meds are absorbed in the small intestine?
With casing
85
What does PR mean?
Rectal
86
PR also goes with Rectal
PR also goes with Rectal
87
Does PR meds absorb quicker than medications given orally ?
Yes
88
Forms of medications administered rectally
Solutions , Suppositories , Creams , Ointments , Gel , Foams
89
Examples of medications administered rectally
Preparation H (Hemorrhoid's) , Fleet Enema , Fleet Glycerin Suppositories
90
Things to keep in mind when giving medications rectally
Wear Gloves, put a pad under them
91
Tips to giving enema?
Angle applicator towards the belly button Tell patient to hold as long as possibly Stop when you feel resistance, or patient has signs of pain Bowel Movement in at least 5 mins
92
Tips to giving a suppository
Keep it in as long as they can Bowel movement in at least 15 minutes

CCMA (5 decks)

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