Pharmacokinetics

Question 1

what does ADME stand for?

Answer 1

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion

Question 2

Define Pharmacokinetics

Answer 2

The movement of drugs within the body

Question 3

Describe the process of 1st Pass metabolism

Answer 3

The degree and rate at which an administered drug is absorbed by the body and is able to have an active effect on its internal environment

Question 4

List 4 organs of the body where 1st pass metabolism takes place

Answer 4

Liver, Lungs, intestine, Skin

Question 5

Outline the term ‘bio-availability’

Answer 5

The degree and rate at which an administered drug is absorbed by the circulatory system and can have an effect on the internal environment

Question 6

list 4 of the main routes of drug administration

Answer 6

oral, bucreal, inhalation, rectal suppository

Question 7

list 4 main factors that affect oral absorption of a drug

Answer 7

pH levels, 1st pass metabolism, drug to enzyme relationship, food

Question 8

lost the 4 main processes by which drugs are absorbed

Answer 8

Aqueous Diffusion, Passive diffusion, carrier mediated diffusions and active transport

Question 9

In terms of Ficks Law, list 2 factors that can have an effect on drug absorption across a membrane

Answer 9

Barrier Thickness,
Surface area
Concentration Gradient

Question 10

Define Protein Binding

Answer 10

Protein Binding inhibits an administered drugs ability to become effective. Protein Bound drugs bind to the site of protein and become ineffective until proteins are highly saturated. this requires a higher dosage of the drug in order to free the drug levels and activating receptors within the body and thus causing an effect.

Question 11

Define the term ‘drug half-life’

Answer 11

The time taken for the plasma concentration of a drug to reduce to half its original value. Half-life is used to estimate how long it takes for a drug to be removed from your body.