Pharmacokinetics Flashcards
1
Q
Acetaminophen
A
Toxic in high doses d/t metabolization by the liver
Intermediate: NAPQI is toxic to the body
2
Q
N-acetylcycsteine
A
Use: ntidote to Acetaminophen toxicity
Mechanism: supplies cysteine for glutathione production and reacts directly with NAPQI
3
Q
Drugs with Zero-Order (saturation) kinetics?
A
PEA: Phenytoin Ethanol Aspirin (at high doses) *the rate of elimination is constant regardless of the concentration (bc the enzymes eliminating the drug are saturated)
4
Q
Saturation (zero-order) Kinetics
A
Constant amount of drug is eliminated per unit time
5
Q
First-Order Kinetics
A
A constant fraction of drug is eliminated per unit time
6
Q
CYP Inducers
A
St John's Wort (CYP3A4) Charbroiled food (CYP1A) Phenobarbitol / Phenytoin Rifampin Carbamazepine Barbiturates Griseofulvin Modafinil Cyclophosphamide
7
Q
CYP Inhibitors
A
Fluoroquinolones / Quinidine (CYP3A4 and CYP2D6) Grapefruit juice Cimetidine Amiodarone Ketconazole (all -azoles) Macrolides (except Azithromycin) Chloramphenicol Isoniazid Ritonavir (PI)
8
Q
P-gp Inhibitors
A
Macrolide abx, QUinidine
9
Q
CYP Enzymes/drugs related
A
2D9 - Warfarin
2D19 - Clopidogrel
2D6 - Codeine
10
Q
Drugs causing Pancreatitis as SE
A
Valproate Didanosine/Stavudine Asparaginase Exenatide/Liraglutide Sitagliptin/Alogliptin/Linagliptin/Saxagliptin
11
Q
Drugs that cause gingival hyperplasia as SE
A
Phenytoin, Cyclosporine, dihydropyridine CCBs (-dipine drugs)
