pharmacogenomics Flashcards
what factors affect pharmacogenomic responses?
physiology (age, ethnicity, weight, gender, GI and hepatic function)
environmental factors- occupational exposure, polypharmacy
lifestyle- diet, exercise, exposure to tobacco and alcohol, stress
genetic factors
what is a SNP
single base pair difference in the DNA sequence
What are polymorphisms and how do they affect ACE inhibitors?
insertion/deletion of an enzyme like the angiotensin enzyme that affect ACE inhibitors on many diseases conditions
what do SNPs measure?
it is the 1% difference in genetic makeup
what is a allele
alternative versions of a gene
what is genotype
pair of alleles a person has at a region of the chromosome
what is a phenotype
outward traits that you can see
what is linkage
proximity or linkage of two or more polymorphisms on a single chromosome
what are haplotypes
a set of DNA variations or polymorphisms that tend to be inherited together
what is the caveat of genetic tests?
The results cannot be read to you or interpreted by the developer or company
what are ultra rapid metabolizers?
people that express SNP that makes 450 enzymes more efficient
what ethnic group most commonly have CYP2C19 SNP
Asians
What is the major CYP enzyme involved in the biotransformation of codeine into the active metabolite?
cyp2d6
what is the active metabolite of codeine?
morphine
