Pharmacogenetics

Question 1

Distinguish between pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, pharmacodynamics, and pharmacokinetics:

Answer 1

Pharmacogenetics- how a single gene influences drug response. Based on prior knowledge

Pharmacogenomics- how multiple genes influnce drug response. No prior knowlege

Pharmacodynamics- drug’s effect on body

Pharmacokinetics: body’s effect on drug (ADME absorption distribution metabolism excretion)

Question 2

CYP2D6 is responsible for metabolizing which important drugs? What inhibits CYP2D6?

Answer 2

Metabolizes:
Codeine
Tricyclic antidipressants

Inhibited by:
Quinidine, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine
(all end in ine)

Question 3

What is the funtion of a CYP?

Answer 3

USUALLY inactivate drugs via Phase I reactions

Question 4

Which CYP is responsible for metabolizing nearly 40% of all common drugs?

Answer 4

CYP3A4

Tri fecta of drug metabolizer

Question 5

CYP3A is responsible for metabolizing which important drug? What inhibits CYP3A?

Answer 5

Cyclosporin

Inhibitors:
Ketoconazole
Grapefruit Juice (8oz)**

Question 6

CYP2C9 and VKORC1 are responsible for metabolizing which important drug?

Answer 6

Warfarin

9 Nations at war

Question 7

NAT is responsible for metabolizing which important drug?

Answer 7

Isoniazid-

‘nat’ tuberculosis.

Question 8

What does TMPT metabolize? Why is this gene clinically significant?

Answer 8

6-mercaptopurine
6-thioguanine

Classic example of pharmacogenetic mechanism that is FATAL if ignored.
In ALL (leukemia) pts, it kills child.