Pharmacodynamics Flashcards
what the drug does to the body
pharmacodynamics
what the body does to the drug
pharmacokinetics
site of action of a drug
receptor
transmembrane proteins that open/close in response to changes in electrical potential difference across a cell membrane
voltage-gated ion channel
transmembrane proteins that open/close in response to the binding of a specific chemical messenger
ligand-gated ion channel
transmembrane proteins that act as both a receptor AND and ion channel; open in response to neurotransmitter binding
ionotropic receptors
cell surface receptors that trigger a cascade of events when they bind to a signal molecule… target for half of drugs (largest receptor family)
G-protein coupled receptors
concentration @ which 50% of the receptors are bound with ligand
Kd
how avidly a drug binds to its receptor
affinity
measure of activity.. or the effect of the drug on the body
Emax
maximal amount of ligand bound
Bmax
measure of potency.. conc of drug that induces a response halfway between the baseline and maximum after a certain amount of time
EC50
drug that binds its receptor and elicits a response that’s less than the maximal effect
partial agonists
measurement of EC50… the conc or amount of the drug required to produce the designed effect
potency
competes w/ a ligand for binding to the receptor… contributes to the equilibrium
competitive antagonist
binds to receptor w/ high affinity, but doesn’t dissociate… doesn’t contribute to the equilibrium
non-competitive antagonist
attenuated response that occurs with sustained stimulation with a drug
tolerance
process by which the number of receptors is decreased
downregulation
modifications of the receptor to minimize signaling
desensitization
blocks the tonic activity of a receptor and reduces the basal activity
inverse agonist
excess receptors beyond what can be used for signaling
spare receptors
