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Exam 3 Prep > Pharmacodynamics > Flashcards

Pharmacodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

Pharmacodynamics =

A

How the drug affects the body

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2
Q

Pharmacokinetics =

A

What the body does to the drug

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3
Q

Pharmacodynamics is the study of-

A

Drug concentration and it’s effects on the body

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4
Q

Pharmacodynamic Phase=

A

When a drug reaches its site of action and produces an effect

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5
Q

Most receptors are found on-

A

Cell membranes

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6
Q

What do drugs act through to produce or block a response?

A

Receptors

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7
Q

Agonist =

A

Produces a response

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8
Q

Antagonist =

A

Blocks a response

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9
Q

Drugs with a better fit for a receptor will produce a stronger response.

True or false?

A

True

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10
Q

Isoproterenol (Isuperel) stimulates B1 receptors. This is an example of a-

A

Agonist

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11
Q

Cimetidine (Tagamet) blocks the H2 Receptor. This is an example of a-

A

Antagonist

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12
Q

The ability of a drug to bind to a specific receptor is determined by-

A

The nature of the drug

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13
Q

Drug binding to receptors is like a-

A

Lock and key mechanism

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14
Q

Po =

A

Always less than 100%

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15
Q

IV =

A

Always around 100%

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16
Q

Bioavailability is determined by-

A

Cumulatively measuring drug concentration in bodily fluids over time.

17
Q

Bioavailability is affected by-

A

Drug form, route, presence of food/ other drugs, GI motility, liver metabolism

18
Q

Affinity describes-

A

The relative strength of a drug’s binding to receptors

19
Q

Drugs with a greater affinity for particular receptors are-

A

capable of eliciting a response at lower doses

20
Q

Drugs with a lower affinity for particular receptors are-

A

Less strongly attracted to the receptors and require a larger dose to elicit a response.

21
Q

Potency=

A

Dosage needed to produce a response

22
Q

Efficacy =

A

The degree to which a drug is able to produce its maximal effects

23
Q

How can you tell of a drug is more efficacious than another drug?

A

By comparing the maximal dose effects. A drug with more significant effects at it’s maximum is more efficacious.

24
Q

The Therapeutic Index is a-

A

Measure of safety

25
Q

The therapeutic index looks at-

A

The ratio of effective dose when compared to lethal dose; the closer this ratio is to 1 the narrower (low) the therapeutic index, or danger of toxicity

26
Q

The therapeutic index compares the ratio of effective dose to lethal dose. The closer this ratio is to 1, the lower the danger of toxicity.

What is the ratio of effective dose to lethal dose?

A

Effective dose = 50% of people

Lethal dose = 50% of people

27
Q

Side Effects-

A

Predictable effects that aren’t related to desired effects; may be desirable/ undesirable

28
Q

Adverse Reactions =

A

More SEVERE (and unexpected) than side effects; always undesirable

29
Q

Toxic Affects =

A

Occur outside of the drug’s therapeutic range (as a result of overdose or drug accumulation)

30
Q

Allergic Reactions =

A

Adverse affect

31
Q

Most drugs are thought to act by-

A

attaching to receptors on the cell surface

32
Q

What is a drug that mimics the effects of an endogenous chemical in the body?

A

An Agonist

33
Q

Onset of Action =

A

How long after a drug is administered will it take for an affect to be achieved

34
Q

Onset of action is quicker with-

A

Parental drugs because they don’t go through the pharmaceutic phase that PO drugs do.

35
Q

Peak Action =

A

Occurs when drug reaches its highest serum concentration.
Time it takes after administration for a drug to reach this highest serum concentration.

36
Q

Duration of Action =

A

The length of time a drug has a pharmacologic effect

37
Q

How is duration of action measured?

A

In time from onset of action (not administration)

38
Q

Bioavailability =

A

How much of the dose you are giving is going to reach the systemic circulation?

Exam 3 Prep (11 decks)

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