Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

Pharmacodynamics =

Answer 1

How the drug affects the body

Question 2

Pharmacokinetics =

Answer 2

What the body does to the drug

Question 3

Pharmacodynamics is the study of-

Answer 3

Drug concentration and it’s effects on the body

Question 4

Pharmacodynamic Phase=

Answer 4

When a drug reaches its site of action and produces an effect

Question 5

Most receptors are found on-

Answer 5

Cell membranes

Question 6

What do drugs act through to produce or block a response?

Answer 6

Receptors

Question 7

Agonist =

Answer 7

Produces a response

Question 8

Antagonist =

Answer 8

Blocks a response

Question 9

Drugs with a better fit for a receptor will produce a stronger response.

True or false?

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Isoproterenol (Isuperel) stimulates B1 receptors. This is an example of a-

Answer 10

Agonist

Question 11

Cimetidine (Tagamet) blocks the H2 Receptor. This is an example of a-

Answer 11

Antagonist

Question 12

The ability of a drug to bind to a specific receptor is determined by-

Answer 12

The nature of the drug

Question 13

Drug binding to receptors is like a-

Answer 13

Lock and key mechanism

Question 14

Po =

Answer 14

Always less than 100%

Question 15

IV =

Answer 15

Always around 100%

Question 16

Bioavailability is determined by-

Answer 16

Cumulatively measuring drug concentration in bodily fluids over time.

Question 17

Bioavailability is affected by-

Answer 17

Drug form, route, presence of food/ other drugs, GI motility, liver metabolism

Question 18

Affinity describes-

Answer 18

The relative strength of a drug’s binding to receptors

Question 19

Drugs with a greater affinity for particular receptors are-

Answer 19

capable of eliciting a response at lower doses

Question 20

Drugs with a lower affinity for particular receptors are-

Answer 20

Less strongly attracted to the receptors and require a larger dose to elicit a response.

Question 21

Potency=

Answer 21

Dosage needed to produce a response

Question 22

Efficacy =

Answer 22

The degree to which a drug is able to produce its maximal effects

Question 23

How can you tell of a drug is more efficacious than another drug?

Answer 23

By comparing the maximal dose effects. A drug with more significant effects at it’s maximum is more efficacious.

Question 24

The Therapeutic Index is a-

Answer 24

Measure of safety

Question 25

The therapeutic index looks at-

Answer 25

The ratio of effective dose when compared to lethal dose; the closer this ratio is to 1 the narrower (low) the therapeutic index, or danger of toxicity

Question 26

The therapeutic index compares the ratio of effective dose to lethal dose. The closer this ratio is to 1, the lower the danger of toxicity. What is the ratio of effective dose to lethal dose?

Answer 26

Effective dose = 50% of people Lethal dose = 50% of people

Question 27

Side Effects-

Answer 27

Predictable effects that aren’t related to desired effects; may be desirable/ undesirable

Question 28

Adverse Reactions =

Answer 28

More SEVERE (and unexpected) than side effects; always undesirable

Question 29

Toxic Affects =

Answer 29

Occur outside of the drug’s therapeutic range (as a result of overdose or drug accumulation)

Question 30

Allergic Reactions =

Answer 30

Adverse affect

Question 31

Most drugs are thought to act by-

Answer 31

attaching to receptors on the cell surface

Question 32

What is a drug that mimics the effects of an endogenous chemical in the body?

Answer 32

An Agonist

Question 33

Onset of Action =

Answer 33

How long after a drug is administered will it take for an affect to be achieved

Question 34

Onset of action is quicker with-

Answer 34

Parental drugs because they don’t go through the pharmaceutic phase that PO drugs do.

Question 35

Peak Action =

Answer 35

Occurs when drug reaches its highest serum concentration. Time it takes after administration for a drug to reach this highest serum concentration.

Question 36

Duration of Action =

Answer 36

The length of time a drug has a pharmacologic effect

Question 37

How is duration of action measured?

Answer 37

In time from onset of action (not administration)

Question 38

Bioavailability =

Answer 38

How much of the dose you are giving is going to reach the systemic circulation?