Pharmaceutics Final: lec 11

Question 1

If a living cell is placed in hypotonic solution

Answer 1

water will enter cell

Question 2

If a living cell is placed in hypertonic solution

Answer 2

water will leave cell

Question 3

Normal blood serum osmolarity values range from?

Answer 3

275-300

Question 4

dissociation factor=

Answer 4

total # of particles of solute in solution after dissociation / # of particles before dissociation

Question 5

T/F Body fluids, including blood and tears, have the same osmotic pressure as that of a 0.9% w/v NaCl

Answer 5

true

Question 6

what is the lumen of the needle?

Answer 6

hollow part of needle

Question 7

what is the bevel of the needle?

Answer 7

slanted end of needle

Question 8

what is the shaft of the needle?

Answer 8

needle’s outer portion

Question 9

T/F The gauge of a needle, used to designate the size of the lumen, ranges from 33 to 7

Answer 9

true

Question 10

T/F the butterfly needle is often used for long-term therapy

Answer 10

false, short-term

Question 11

what is the max injection volume by IV for adults?

Answer 11

3L/day

Question 12

define IV bolus

Answer 12

drug injected directly into vein within a short period

Question 13

define intermittent infusion

Answer 13

diluted drug infused over 15-60 min every 6 hours

Question 14

define continuous infusion

Answer 14

drug added to large volume of parental fluid and slowly administered

Question 15

how long are IM needles?
gauge?
volume into deltoid/thigh?
volume into butt?

Answer 15

1/2 in to 1 1/2 in
19-23 gauge
2 mL
5 mL

Question 16

how long are SC needles?
gauge?
volume into arm, thigh, abdomen, or upper back?
absorption faster or slower than IM?
what are the two most important drugs administered this way?

Answer 16

3/8 to 1 in
24-27 gauge
up to 2mL
slower
heparin and insulin

Question 17

how long are ID needles?
gauge?
volume into forearm?
fast or slow absorption?

Answer 17

3/8 in
25-28 gauge
up to 0.1 mL
slow

Question 18

all parenteral products must be? (3)

Answer 18

1. sterile
2. pyrogen limited
3. Free from extraneous insoluble materials

Question 19

define bacteriostatic

Answer 19

inhibits or stops bacterial growth

Question 20

define pyrogen

Answer 20

typically a bacterial substance that produces fever and hypotension if it gets into bloodstream

Question 21

what are the four different types of parenteral products?

Answer 21

1. solutions
2. lyophilized solids
3. emulsions
4. suspensions

Question 22

T/F The form in which manufacturer prepares a given drug for parenteral use depends on the nature of the drug itself with respect to its physical and chemical characteristics and on certain therapeutic considerations

Answer 22

true

Question 23

define USPs definition of “injections”

Answer 23

liquid preps of drug

Question 24

define USPs definition of “for injection”

Answer 24

dry solid drug that will be added to solution

Question 25

define USPs definition of “injectable emulsion”

what is the reason for this type of preparation?

Answer 25

liquid preps dissolved in an emulsion

drugs that are oily

Question 26

propofol is an example of what injection type?

Answer 26

injectable emulsion

Question 27

insulin and heparin are examples of what injection type?

Answer 27

injections

Question 28

sefuroxime and ampicillin are examples of what injection type?

Answer 28

for injection

Question 29

methylprednisolone acetate is an example of what injection type?

Answer 29

injectable suspension

Question 30

cisplatin and albraxane are examples of what injection type?

Answer 30

for injectable suspensions

Question 31

define USPs definition of “injectable suspension”

Answer 31

liquid prep of solid suspended in liquid

Question 32

define USPs definition of “for injectable suspension”

Answer 32

dry solid drug that will be added to solution