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Radt. 3001 > Pharmaceuticals > Flashcards

Pharmaceuticals Flashcards

1
Q

What did the comprehensive drug abuse prevention & control act of 1970 establish?

A

US drug policy in which manufacturer, importation, possession, use, or distribution of certain substances is regulated

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2
Q

What are schedules based on?

A

-probability of drug abuse
-1 being most likely & schedule 5 is least likely

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3
Q

what is the FDA responsible for?

A

-protecting public health by assuring the safety, ethics, & security of human & veterinary drugs, biological products, medical devices, the nations food supply, cosmetics, & products that emit radiation
-comes up with the rules

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4
Q

Drug Enforcement Agency (DEA)-

A

-US law enforcement agency under the department of justice, tasked with combatting drug trafficking, distribution, & is lead agency for controlled substances act
-enforces the rules

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5
Q

DEA & FDA determines-

A

which substances are included on different schedules

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6
Q

Pharmaceutical waste-

A

any pharmaceutical products designated for disposal, no longer used, or unable to be returned to manufacturer (including viles, syringes, IV’s, & tubing

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7
Q

Hazardous Waste (5)-

A

-red
-black
-blue
-yellow
-no specific color

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8
Q

red HW-

A

sharps containers (needles & syringes)

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9
Q

black HW-

A

hazardous waste container

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10
Q

blue HW-

A

non-hazardous waste container

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11
Q

yellow HW-

A

chemotherapy related

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12
Q

no specific color HW-

A

controlled substance container deactivates all forms of controlled substances while in the container

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13
Q

AC-

A

before meals

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14
Q

BID-

A

2x daily

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15
Q

C-

A

with

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16
Q

H-

A

hour

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17
Q

IM-

A

intramuscular

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18
Q

IV-

A

intraavenously

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19
Q

mL-

A

millileter

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20
Q

mg-

A

miligram

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21
Q

PO-

A

by mouth

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22
Q

prn-

A

as needed

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23
Q

qh-

A

every hour

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24
Q

q2h-

A

every 2 hours

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25
Q

q3h-

A

every 3 hours

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26
Q

qid-

A

4x daily

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27
Q

S-

A

without

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28
Q

SC-

A

subcutaneous

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29
Q

stats-

A

immediately

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30
Q

tid-

A

3x daily

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31
Q

cc-

A

replaced by

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32
Q

OD-

A

1x daily

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33
Q

peroz-

A

replaced

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34
Q

Pharmacodynamics-

A

study of all effects of drugs

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35
Q

What are some pharmacodynamic effects?

A

-therapeutic
-adverse
-side affects

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36
Q

What are adverse affects of drugs?

A

negative affect

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37
Q

What are side affects of drugs?

A

-acts on another part of the body other than intended for
-allergic reaction, onset, & termination of action

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38
Q

3 ways drugs are classified-

A

name, action, & method of legal purchase

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39
Q

3 drug classifications by name?

A

chemical, generic, & brand

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40
Q

chemical name of drugs-

A

elements that make up that drug

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41
Q

generic name/non-proprietary name of drugs

A

name given to a drug after it’s made commercially available

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42
Q

brand name/proprietary/trademark name of drugs-

A

name given to a drug by the company who manufactured it

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43
Q

How are drugs classified by action?

A

groups of drugs that have similar actions

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44
Q

What is another name for drugs that are classified by action?

A

drug families (ex.- pain relievers)

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45
Q

Why could drugs be listed in more than one family?

A

because they have different affects or they’re for different body parts

46
Q

classification by method of legal purchase-

A

can be bought over the counter (OTC) or have to have prescription

47
Q

Drug references- (6)

A

-Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR)
-United States Pharmacopeia (USP)
-National Formulary (NF)
-American Hospital Formulary Services (AHFS)
-Drug Facts & Comparisons (DFC)
-Mosby’s Gen Rx

48
Q

Biopharmaceuticals-

A

-study of physical & chemical properties of a drug
-is dosage formed

49
Q

What do biopharmaceuticals have relation to? (3)

A

-onset
-duration
-intensity of action

50
Q

Drug Half-Life-

A

period of time it takes for drugs is reduced by 1/2

51
Q

When do most drugs stop having an affect?

A

after 4-5 half-lives

52
Q

therapeutic ratio-

A

compares blood concentration at which drug becomes toxic & concentration at which drug becomes therapeutic (therapeutic index- TI)

53
Q

The larger the TI, the __ the drug.

A

the safer the drug

54
Q

Pediatric Dosages-

A

safer dosages calculated according to Childs body weight in kg

55
Q

What is a safer way to calculate pediatric dosages?

A

calculating by body surface area

56
Q

dosage forms-

A

refers to a type of preparation in which the drug is transported into the body

57
Q

types of dosage forms- (7)

A

tablet, capsule, inhalant, suppository, solution, suspension, & transdermal patch

58
Q

tablet dosage form-

A

-most common in oral dosage
-loznge (cough drop) is a tablet that dissolves in the mouth

59
Q

capsule dosage form-

A

has a gel coding that dissolves & releases contents when in the stomach

60
Q

inhalant dosage form-

A

concentration of meds. delivered into respiratory system

61
Q

suppository dosage form-

A

used for rectum, vagina, or urethra

62
Q

solution dosage form-

A

dosage in which 1 or more drugs is dissolved in a liquid carrier

63
Q

suspension dosage form-

A

when drug is suspended in a liquid carrier, they don’t dissolve

64
Q

transdermal patch dosage form-

A

applied to skin & the drug is absorbed through the skin & into the blood stream

65
Q

pharmacokinetics-

A

study of drugs motility through the body

66
Q

disintegration-

A

how substances are broken down to improve their solubility

67
Q

dissolution-

A

process in which substance dissolves in a solvent to produce a solution

68
Q

absorption-

A

how drugs moves from where it enters the body & into the blood stream

69
Q

distribution-

A

movement of a drug from the blood stream to the part of the body it’s intended to go to

70
Q

metabolism-

A

how the body breaks down drugs & excretes it

71
Q

excretion-

A

how drugs exit the body

72
Q

2 routes of drug administration-

A

enteral & parenteral

73
Q

enteral travels-

A

via the GI tract

74
Q

parenteral travels-

A

by anything else

75
Q

enteral drugs administered-

A

orally

76
Q

buccal-

A

placed between the cheek & upper/lower jaw

77
Q

sublingual-

A

placed under the tongue

78
Q

ways enteral is administered orally- (4)

A

-buccal
-sublingual
-NG/Gastric tube
-rectal

79
Q

parenteral administered-

A

applied directly to the skin

80
Q

topical-

A

applied directly onto the skin (transdermal patch)

81
Q

inhalation-

A

into the respiratory system (inhaler)

82
Q

intradermal injection-

A

injected into 1 of the layers of skin (not all the way through)

83
Q

subcutaneous-

A

below the epidermal layers

84
Q

intramuscular injection-

A

through the skin & into the muscle

85
Q

intravenous-

A

inside the vein

86
Q

intrathecal-

A

place needle into subarachnoid space of the spine

87
Q

ways parenteral drugs can be administered- (7)

A

-topical
-subcutaneous
-inhalation
-intradermal injection
-intramuscular injection
-intravenous
-intrathecal

88
Q

before administering any drugs to a patient ask yourself-

A

-right drug?
-right amount?
-right time?
-right patient?
-right route?

89
Q

how many times should you check the drug before administering it to the patient?

A

3x

90
Q

informed consent-

A

must be obtained when a person has an invasive procedure (going into the body) done

91
Q

pre- & post- procedural assessments-

A

-pre- evaluate the patient when they get there
-post- make sure patient isn’t having any affects

92
Q

medication errors-

A

-also called preventable adverse drug events
-patient takes medication & an error is made & harm results to patient (5 R’s help avoid)

93
Q

Drug action indications-

A

refers to use of a drug for treating a particular disease

94
Q

Drug action contraindications-

A

any condition that renders particular line of treatment improper/undesirable

95
Q

D-

A

Drowsiness

96
Q

H-

A

Habit forming

97
Q

I-

A

Interaction

98
Q

X: SOS-

A

absolute contraindication/drug interaction

99
Q

ASA-

A

Contains aspirin

100
Q

C-

A

Caution

101
Q

G-

A

Glaucoma

102
Q

S-

A

Diabetes

103
Q

Adrenergic blocking agent-

A

going to block hormone epinephrine or adrenaline (blocks BP & lowers heart rate)

104
Q

Antimicrobials-

A

prohibiting bacteria, parasites, & viruses

105
Q

Antibiotics-

A

refers to compound isolated from living orgs. that kills/inhibits growth of another org.

106
Q

anticholinergics-

A

used to treat conditions that affect relaxation/contraction of muscles (Parkinson’s)

107
Q

Antipsychotics-

A

treat symptoms of sycosis; delusions, paranoia

108
Q

Antipyretics-

A

Reduce fever

109
Q

Barbiturates-

A

Depressants

110
Q

Emetic-

A

Induce vomiting

111
Q

opioids/opioid antagonist-

A

oxy, molly, hydrocodone

Radt. 3001 (4 decks)

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