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NUCL 156 - 1 Intro to Drug Nomenclature > Pharmaceutical Terms > Flashcards

Pharmaceutical Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Addiction

A

A compulsive need to experience a pleasurable drug reaction, ranging from a mild desire to an overwhelming need.

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2
Q

Additive

A

A substance added to another substance to improve its action.

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3
Q

Adverse Reaction

A

Any unwanted or potentially harmful effect resulting from drug administration. (Side Effect)

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4
Q

Allergic Reaction

A

An untoward drug effect associated with altered reactivity or sensitization of the patient resulting from prior exposure to the drug.

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5
Q

Anaphylaxis

A

Hypersensitive reaction of the body to a drug or foreign organism. Exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to an allergen.

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6
Q

Antacid

A

Gastrointestinal drug which neutralizes the acid in the stomach.

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7
Q

Antiarrhythmic

A

Cardiovascular drug which helps restore heart rhythm to a regular cycle.

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8
Q

Antibiotic

A

Chemical substance which has the ability to inhibit growth of or kill micro-organisms in the body.

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9
Q

Anticoagulant

A

A drug which prevents the formation of clots in blood vessels

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10
Q

Anticonvulsant

A

A drug used to prevent convulsions, such as in epilepsy.

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11
Q

Antidiarrheal

A

Drug used to prevent and control diarrhea.

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12
Q

Antidote

A

An agent given to counteract an unwanted or toxic effect of a drug.

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13
Q

Antiemetic

A

An agent which relieves nausea and vomiting

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14
Q

Antihistamine

A

A drug that blocks the action of histamine in the body and helps prevent allergic symptoms.

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15
Q

Barbiturate

A

A sedative and hypnotic drug.

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16
Q

Brand Name

A

Commercial name for a drug; normally the property of the drug manufacturer; also called the trade name.

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17
Q

Cardiotonic

A

Drug which promotes the muscle tone (contractility) of the heart.

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18
Q

Cathartic

A

Drug which relieves constipation.

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19
Q

Chemical Name

A

Chemical formula for a drug.

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20
Q

Classifications

A

Term used to describe the way drugs are organized according to set characteristics, often according to drug action (pharmacodynamics)

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21
Q

Contraindication

A

Factors in the patient’s condition which prevent the use of a particular drug or treatment because of the likelihood of unwanted results.

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22
Q

Controlled Substance

A

Drugs regulated under the Controlled Substances Act of 1970 and divided into Schedules I, II, III, IV, and V according to their potential for abuse and dependence.

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23
Q

Depressant

A

An agent that reduces functional activity.

24
Q

Diuretic

A

A drug that promotes the production and excretion of urine.

25
Drug Action
Refers to the pharmacological effects that are produced when a drug reaches a target tissue.
26
Drug Interaction
The event in which the usual effect of a drug is modified by other factors such as diet, environment, or additional drugs. This interaction may increase or decrease the intended effect of the drug being administered.
27
Emetic
An agent that promotes vomiting.
28
Enteric Coated
Coated covering a tablet that dissolves in the intestine, not in the stomach.
29
Generic Name
The legal, non-commercial name for a drug.
30
Hospital Formulary
Hospital reference listing of drugs and their appropriate clinical usage for that particular hospital.
31
Hypnotic
An agent that induces sleep or dulls the senses.
32
Idiosyncrasy
A rare type of toxic effect produced in a particularly sensitive individual but not seen in most patients. An unusual reaction to a drug or food.
33
Indications
Reasons why a drug is prescribed.
34
Laxative
A food or chemical substance which acts to loosen the bowels and promote evacuation of the contents.
35
Metabolism
Combined chemical and physical processes that take place in the body. Involves the distribution of nutrients and results in growth, energy production, elimination of wastes and other body functions.
36
Narcotic
A potentially habit-forming drug that relieves pain and produces stupor or insensibility.
37
Overdose
A dose in excess of that recommended for therapeutic use of a medication, sometimes resulting in toxicity.
38
Over-the-Counter
Medications that do not require a prescription and are intended for the treatment of minor, self-limiting illnesses.
39
Parenteral Administration
Administration of drugs by injection into the skin, muscles, or veins.
40
Pharmaceutical
Having to do with pharmacy or drugs.
41
Pharmacodynamics
Study of how drugs achieve their effects in living organisms.
42
Pharmacokinetics
The study of drug movement in the body. (including processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion from the body)
43
Pharmacology
The study of drugs and their origin, nature, properties, and effects on living organisms.
44
Pharmacopeia
An authoritative compendium on drugs and their preparations.
45
Pharmacy
The practice of compounding and dispensing medicinal preparations. (Drug store)
46
Physical Dependence
Continuation of an altered physiologic state resulting from prolonged use of a drug such that regular usage is now necessary to avoid withdrawal reactions that can be severe and life threatening.
47
Placebo
Inactive substance usually given under the guise of effective treatment.
48
Precaution
Cautious action taken to manage potential unwanted effects of drugs in certain situations.
49
Prescription
A written directive, as for the compounding or dispensing and administration of drugs.
50
Sedative
A mild hypnotic drug; relaxing without necessarily producing sleep.
51
Side Effect
A toxic effect which routinely results from the use of a drug. (Adverse reaction)
52
Stimulant
An agent which excites and promotes functional activity.
53
Suppository
Cone-shaped mass containing medication which is inserted into the rectum, vagina, or urethra.
54
Tolerance
Condition of becoming resistant to the action of a drug as treatment progresses so that larger and larger doses must be given to achieve the desired effect.
55
Toxic
Harmful effects of a drug to the degree of being poisonous.
56
Trade Name
Commercial name for a drug; normally the property of the drug manufacturer; also called the brand name.

NUCL 156 - 1 Intro to Drug Nomenclature (5 decks)

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