Pharma Study Flashcards

1
Q

Tolerance

A

Natural or developed ability to resist effects of the continued or increasing use of a drug

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2
Q

Tonicity

A

Refers to the concentration of chems. in that solution

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3
Q

Sterility

A

Solution must be free from bacterial contamination

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4
Q

Stability

A

Solutions must be reasonably stable and not deteriorate or loose their effectiveness

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5
Q

Penetration

A

Eye drops penetrate the eye directly thru cornea and into ac of eye

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6
Q

3 principal delivery systems

A

Topical, oral, injection

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7
Q

Topical

A

Meds are applied directly to the surface of the eye or surrounding skin

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8
Q

Oral

A

Meds are taken by mouth

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9
Q

Injectable

A

Meds are injected w hypodermic needle into or around the eye or into different part of body

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10
Q

Four principal topical delivery systems

A

Solutions, suspensions, ointments+gels, soluble drugs inserts

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11
Q

Oral [ex]

A

Tablets,capsule, liquids

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12
Q

Injections [ex]

A

Intravitreal, subconjunctival, retrobulbar

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13
Q

Solutions

A

Placed directly in the eye - usually instilled in conjunctival sac

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14
Q

Suspensions

A

Liquid vehicles which “particles” are suspended- must shake well - may contain preservative to inhibit growth of unwanted bacteria during storage

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15
Q

Ungs

A

Greasy or oilly - remains in contact for prolonged time - typically bedtime therapy- difficult to apply [ointment]

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16
Q

Inserts

A

Placed in the corner of the lower conjunctiva

17
Q

Retrobulbar

A

Inject. Med thru the skin of lower lid - paralyze eom + anesthetizes

18
Q

Intravitreal

A

Inject. Into eye

19
Q

Eye drop + ointment installation

A

Was or sanitize hands - 20 secs

*warn pt ointment blur vision bc it smears the cornea

20
Q

Eye drops cont.

A

Eye drops follow correct procedures - verify physicians orders 2x - prepare patient for stinging/burning - avoid cross contamination- never rub - wipes excess drops w fresh tissue - wait 3-5 mins between eye meds

21
Q

Complications of locally administered meds

A

Allergic reaction
Toxic reaction
Discoloration of eye
Undesirable side effects
Idiosyncrasy [abnormalities]
Loss of effect by inactivation
Spread of infection

22
Q

Induction period

A

Delay period between the reaction to the use of particular drug and the development of a state of hypersensitivity

23
Q

Punctal occlusion

A

Procedure treats des and other conditions by blocking tear drainage system

24
Q

Mydriatics

A

Serve to dilate pupils - by stimulating the iris dilator muscle

25
Cycloplegics
Act on iris by dilating pupil + ciliary body paralyzing fine focusing muscles so eye is no longer able to accommodate for nv May sting slightly when administered in eye
26
Dyes - stains
Highlight defects [temp stains cells] Cheif use - to elevate ocular surface
27
Topical/injected anesthetics
Drug causes temp deadening of nerve Loss of feel in surrounding tissue **don't rub numbed eye can b easily scratched w out pt being aware of dmg
28
Therapeutic meds
Miotics Antimicrobial Anti allergic/inflamm Decongestants Lubricants
29
Miosis
Pupillary constriction- reduction of light entering eye Contraction of ciliary body muscle
30
Antimicrobials
Anti... Biotic- treat infection Viral - treat virus infection Fungal - treat fungal infection
31
Decongestants
Constricting superficial blood vessels in conjunctiva Reduce redness - blood vessels may become more conjested than b4 taking drug
32
Prescriptions parts
Heading Prescription Physicians signature
33
Aqueous humor
Clear, watery fluid that fills the ac and posterior chambers within the front part of the eye