Pharma retake Flashcards

1
Q

Topic 51: Anticoccidial drugs

A

Ionophore antibiotics:

  • Monensin
  • Narasin
  • Maduramicin
  • Semiduramycin
  • Salinomycin
  • Laslocid

Troazine derivates:

  • Toltrazuril
  • Clazuril
  • Declazuril
  • Ponazuril

Sulphamies:

  • Sulphacholoropyrazine
  • Sulphaquinoxaline

Amprolium

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2
Q

Topic 52: Anti-protozoal drugs (Except cocciosis)

A

Histomonas & Trichomonas
Nitroimidazoles: Metronidazole, Ronidazole, Tinidazole
Nitrofurans: Nitrofurantoin, Furazolidone
(H. Megleangridis): Flubendazole or Fenbendazole

Giardia:
Metronidazole & Fenbendazole

Leishmania:
Paromomycin

Babesia:
Diamidine derivates, Imidocarb, Amicarbalide, Phenamide, Tetracyclines (Preventive)

Trypanosoma:
Homidium bromide/chloride, Isometamidium, Quinapyramine chloride/sulphate, Suramin

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3
Q

Topic 53: Anthelmintics (Benzimidazoles, Imidazothiazoles, Tetrahydropyrimidines)

A

Benzimidazoles:

  • Thiabendazole
  • Mibendazole
  • Oxibendazole
  • Triclabendazole
  • Flubendazole
  • Luxabendazole
  • Albendazole
  • Fenbendazole
  • Ricobendazole
  • Oxfendazole
  • Netobimin
  • Febantel

Imidazothiazoles:
- Levamisole

Piperazine:

  • Piperazine
  • Diethylcarbamazine

Tetrahydropyrimidines

  • Pyrantel
  • Morantel
  • Oxantel
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4
Q

Topic 54: Anthelmintics (Salicylanilides, Substituted phenols, isoquinolines, clorsulon, monepantel)

A

Salicylanilides:

  • Niclosamide
  • Oxyclozanide

Substituted phenols:

  • Diamphenetide
  • Dichlorophene
  • Disophenol

Isoquinolones

  • Praziquantel
  • Epsiprantel

Clorsulon
Monepantel

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5
Q

Topic 55: Endectocides Macrocyclic lactones

A

Avermectins and milbemycin:

  • Ivermectin
  • Doramectin
  • Selamectin
  • Eprinomectin
  • Moxidectin
  • Milbemycin oxime
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6
Q

Topic 56: Drugs for external parasites (Except endectocides)

A

Organophosphates:

  • Diazinon
  • Phoxim
  • Coumaphos
  • Antidote: Pralidoxime

Carbamates:
- Propoxur

Pyrethroids:

  • Permethrin
  • Deltamethrin
  • Tetramethrin

Formamides
- Amitraz

Neonicotinoids

  • Imidacloprid
  • Nitenpyram
  • Dinotefuran

Others:

  • Fipronil
  • Pyriprole
  • Indoxacarp

Isoxazolines:

  • Fluralaner
  • Sarolaner
  • Afloxolaner
  • Lotilaner

Insect regulators:

  • Methoprene
  • Fibronil
  • Pyriproxyfen
  • Lufenuron
  • Navaluron
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7
Q

Topic 57: Antifungal drugs

A

Allyamines:

  • Terbinafine
  • Naftifine

Imidazoles:

  • Thiabendazole
  • Clotrimazole
  • Enilconazole
  • Miconazole
  • Bifonazole
  • Ketoconazole

Triazoles

  • Posaconazole
  • Voriconazole
  • Fluconazole
  • Itraconazole

Griseofluvin

Poliene antibiotics:

  • Natamycin
  • Nystatin
  • Amphotericin B

Flucytocine

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8
Q

Topic 58: Antiviral drugs

A

Pyrimidine analogues:

  • Idoxuridine
  • Trifluridine
  • Zidovudine

Purine analogues:

  • Acyclovir
  • Ribavirin
  • Ganciclovir
  • Vidarabine
  • Cytarabine

Amantadine
Interferons

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9
Q

Topic 59: Antineoplastic agents

A

Methotrexate

Alkylating agents:

  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Chlorambucil
  • Lomustine

Platinum compound:
- Carboplatin

Topoisomerase inhibitors:

  • Doxorubicin
  • Mitoxantrone
  • Epipodophyllin toxin

Microtubule inhibitors:

  • Vinblastine
  • Vincristine

Other:

  • Toceranib
  • Masitinib
  • Asparaginase

COX:

  • Firocoxib
  • Deracoxib
  • Carprofen
  • Piroxicam
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10
Q

Topic 9 Parasympathomimetics and Parasympatholytics

A

Direct mimetics:

  • Acetylcholine
  • Carbechol
  • Pilocarpine
  • Betanechol
  • Metacholine

Indirect mimetics:

  • Physostigmine
  • Neostigmine
  • Pyridostigmine
  • Edrophonium
  • Organophosphates
  • Droperidol
  • Domperidone
  • Propanolol
  • Atenolol

Lytics:

  • Atropine
  • Homatropine
  • Tropicamide
  • Glycopyrrolate
  • Ipatropium
  • Scopolamine
  • Levodopa
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11
Q

Topic 48: Polypeptides and other antibiotics (Glycopeptides, Rifamycin)

A

Glycopeptides:

  • Vancomycin
  • Teicoplanin
  • Oritavancin
  • Dalbavancin
  • Telavancin

Rifamycin:

  • Rifamycin B
  • Rifampin
  • Rifabutin

Mupirocin

Polymyxin:

  • Polymyxin B, Polymyxin E = Colistin
  • Polymyxin M = Mattacin
  • Colistimethate

Bacitracin-Zn

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12
Q

Topic 49: Sulphonamides and Diaminopyrimidines

A

Sulphonamides:

  • Sulfaguandine
  • Sulfacetamide
  • Sulfadiamidine
  • Sulfachlorpyridazine
  • Sulfadoxine
  • Sulfadiazine
  • Sulfamethoxasole
  • Sulfaquinoxaline
  • Sulfachlorpyrazine
  • Sulfasalazine
  • Sulfadimethoxine
  • Sulfamethoxypyrazine

Diaminopyrimidine:

  • Trimethoprim
  • Diaveridine
  • Primimethamin
  • Ormethoprim
  • Aditoprim
  • Baquiloprim
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13
Q

Topic 50: Fluroquinolones

A

1st:
- Nalidixic acid

2nd:

  • Flumequine
  • Norfloxacin
  • Ciprofloxacin
  • Enrofloxacin
  • Danofloxacin
  • Difloxacin
  • Marbofloxacin

3rd:

  • Levofloxacin
  • Sparfloxacin

4th:

  • Moxifloxacin
  • Pradofloxacin
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14
Q

Topic 10: Sympathomimetics and sympatholytics

A

Non-specific:

  • Adrenaline
  • Noradrenaline
  • Dopamine

B1 agonists:

  • Dobutamine
  • Isoproterenol

B2 agonists:

  • Clenbuterole
  • Salbutamole
  • Terbutaline
  • Salmeterole

A1 agonist:

  • Phenylephrine
  • Xylometazoline
  • Oxymetazoline
  • Naphazoline
  • Tertryzoline
  • Phenylpropanollamine
  • Ephedrine

A2 agonist:

  • Xylazine
  • Detomidine
  • Medetomidine
  • Dexmedetomidine

A antagonists:

  • Phenoxybenzamine
  • Phentolamine
  • Tolazoline

A1 antagonists:

  • Prazosine
  • Doxasozine

A2 antagonists:

  • Yohimbine
  • Atipamezole

B antagonists

  • Propanolol
  • Timolol
  • Metoprolol
  • Atenolol
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15
Q

Topic 11: Tranquilizers

A

Phenothiazines:

  • Chlorpromazine
  • Propionylpromazine
  • Acepromazine
  • Thiethylperazine
  • Promethazine

Butyrophenones:

  • Azeperone
  • Droperidol
  • Fluanison
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16
Q

Topic 12: Sedato-hypnotics

A

Alpha 2:

  • Xylazine
  • Detomidine
  • Medetomidine
  • Dexmedetomidine
  • Romifidine

Benzodiazepines:

  • Diazepam
  • Zolacepam
  • Midazolam
  • Alprazolam
  • Loracepam

Barbiturates

  • Phenobarbital
  • Pentobarbital
  • Thiopental
  • Methohexital
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17
Q

Topic 45: Tetracyclines

A
Chlortetracycline
Tetracycline
Oxytetracycline
Doxycyline
Minocycline
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18
Q

Topic 46: Macrolides

A
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Clarithromycin
Spiramycin
Tylosin
Tylvalosin
Tilmicosin
Gamithromycin
Tulathromycin
Tildipirosin
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19
Q

Topic 47: Phenicols, Lincosamides and Pleuromutilins

A

Phenicols:

  • Chloramphenicol
  • Florfenicol
  • Thiamphenicol

Lincosamides:

  • Lincomycin
  • Clindamycin

Pleuromutilins:

  • Tiamulin
  • Valnemulin
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20
Q

Topic 13: Opioids

A
Morphine
Codeine
Methadone
Fentanyl
Sufentanyl
Alfentanyl
Remifentanyl
Tremadol
Hydrocodone
Oxycodone
Butorphanol
Buprenorphine
21
Q

Topic 14: Inhalation anaethetics

A
N2O
Halothane
Isoflurane
Desflurane
Sevoflurane
Enflurane
Methoxyflurane
22
Q

Topic 15: Injectable anaesthetics

A

Barbiturates:

  • Pentobarbital
  • Thiopental
  • Thiamylal
  • Methohexital

Propofol
Propanidid

Imadazoles:

  • Etomidate
  • Metomidate

Dissociative anaesthetics:

  • Ketamine
  • Tiletamine

Benzodiazepines:

    • Diazepam
  • Zolacepam
  • Midazolam
  • Alprazolam
  • Loracepam

Phenothiazines:

  • Chlorpromazine
  • Propionylpromazine
  • Acepromazine
  • Thiethylperazine
  • Promethazine

Steroid anaesthetics:

  • Alfaxolone
  • Alfadonolone
23
Q

Topic 42: Penicillins and Beta-lactamase inhibitors

A

Narrow spectrum penicillins:

  • Procaine penicillin
  • Benzylpenicillin
  • Phenoxymethyl penicillin
  • K and Na

Beta-lactamase stable penicillin:

  • Oxacillin
  • Cloxacillin
  • Dicloxacillin
  • Flucloxacillin
  • Meticillin

Broad spectrum penicillin:

  • Ampicillin
  • Amoxicillin
  • Bacampicillin
  • Pivampicillin

Penicillin acting acainst Pseudomonas

  • Piperacillin
  • Ticaricillin

Beta-lactamase inhibitors:

  • Clavulanic acid
  • Sulbactam
  • Tazobactam
24
Q

Topic 43: Cephalosporins, monobactams and carbapenems

A

1st generation:

  • Cefazolin
  • Cefapirin
  • Cefadroxil
  • Cefalexin

2nd generation:
- Cefuroxime

3rd generation:

  • Ceftiofur
  • Cefovecin
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Cefotaxime
  • Ceftazidim
  • Cefoperazone
  • Cefixime

4th generation:
- Cefquinome

Monobactams:

  • Axtreonam
  • Tigemonan

Carbapenems:

  • Imipenem
  • Metropenem
  • (Cilastatin = Dihydropeptidase inhibitor)
25
Q

Topic 44: Aminoglycosides

A
Streptomycin
Neomycin
Kanamycin
Gentamycin
Tobramycin
Amikacin
Apramycin
Spectinomycin
26
Q

Topic 16: Anticonvulsants

A

Phenobarbital
Primidone

Midazolam
Lorazepam
Diazepam
Alprazolam

Phenytoin

Sodium/Potassium bromide
Imepitoin
Levetriacetam

Isoflurane
Sevoflurane

Big NO-NO:
Tranquilizers
Opioids
Ketamine
Alpha 2 agonists
Methylxanthines
27
Q

Topic 17: Antidepressant and behaviour modifying drugs

A

TCA:

  • Amitriptyline
  • Clomipramine

SRI:

  • Fluoxetine
  • Fluvoxamine
  • Sertraline

MAOIs:
- Selegiline

Benzodiazepines

28
Q

Topic 18: Peripheral muscle relaxants, spasmolytics

A

Non-depolarising neuromuscular blocking agents:

  • Gentacurium
  • Mivacurium
  • Vecuronium
  • Atracurium
  • Rocuronium
  • Gallamine

Depolarising neuromuscular blocking agents:

  • Succinylcholine
  • Suxamethonium

Spasmolytics:

  • Papaverine
  • Drotaverine
29
Q

Topic 19: Local anaesthetics

A

Esters:

  • Procaine
  • Chloroprocaine
  • Tetracaine
  • Cocaine
  • Benzocaine

Amides:

  • Lidocaine
  • Prilocaine
  • Bupivacaine
  • Mepivacaine
  • Ropivacaine
30
Q

Topic 20: Digital Glycosides, Phosphodiesterase inhibitors

A

Adrenaline
Dobutamine
Dopamine

Nitroglycerine

Digitalis glycosides
Digitoxin
Digoxin

Pimobendan
(+ Furosemide)

31
Q

Topic 21: ACE-inhibitors, angiotensin-receptor antagonists, vasodilators

A

ACE inhibitors:

  • Captopril
  • Enalapril
  • Ramipril
  • Benazepril
  • Lisinopril

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists:

  • Losartan
  • Valsartan
  • Telmisartan

Vasodilators:
- Nitroglycerine

Ca- channel blockers:

  • Amlodipine
  • Nifedipine
  • Verapamil
  • Diltiazem

Others:

  • Prazosin
  • Doxazosin
  • Hydralazine
32
Q

Topic 39: Pharmacology of immunosuppression

A

Antimetabolites:

  • Azathiprine
  • Mycophenolic acid
  • Methotrexate
  • Leflunomide

Alkylating agents:
- Cyclophosphamide

Glucocorticoids

Cytokine gene expression inhibitors:

  • Cyclosporin
  • Tacrolimus
  • Pimecrolimus
33
Q

Topic 38: Glucocorticoids

A
Cortisole
Prednisolone
Methylprednisolon
Triamcinolone
Betamethasone
Dexamethasone
Beclomethasone
Fluticasone
Budesonide
34
Q

Topic 36: Antihistamines, Leukotriene-antagonists, Janus kinase inhibitors, monoclonal antibodies in the veterinary medicine

A

Etylenediamines:

  • Chloropyramine
  • Chlorophenramine

Ethanoleamines:

  • Diphenhydramine
  • Dimenhydrinate

Phenotiazine:
- Promethazine

Piperazines:
- Hydroxyzine

  • Cyproheptadine

2nd Generation:

  • Cetrizine
  • Loratidine
  • Levecetrizine

JAK inhibitors:

  • Oclacitinib
  • Lokivetmab

Leukotriene inhibitors:

  • Zileuton
  • Fenleuton
  • Montelukast
  • Zafirlukast

Monoclonal antibodies:
- Lokivetmab

35
Q

Topic 37: Non-steroid anti-inflammatory agents (NSAID’s)

A
  • Acetylsalicyclic acid
  • Sodium salicylate
  • Sulfasalazine
  • Mesalazine
  • Olsalazine
  • Ketoprofen
  • Carprofen
  • Vedaprofen
  • Flunizin meglumine
  • Tolfenamic acid
  • Phenylbutazone
  • Etodolac
  • Meloxicam
  • Piroxicam
  • Metamizole sodium
  • Paracetamol
  • Nimesulide
  • Firocoxib
  • Robenacoxib
  • Deracoxib
  • Cimicoxib
  • Mavacoxib
36
Q

Topic 33: Pharmacology of sexual function 2 (Progestagens, Oestrogens, Androgens)

A

Progestagens:

  • Flurogeston
  • Norgestomet
  • Altrenogest
  • Medroxyprogesteron acetate
  • Proligeston
  • Megestrol acetate
  • Aglepriston (Antagonist)

Estrogens:

  • Estriol
  • Estradiol benzoate
  • Estradiol valerate

Anti-estrongens

  • Tamoxifen
  • Raloxifen

Androgens:

  • Testosterone
  • Androstenedione
  • Dihydrotestosterone
  • Testosterone undercanoate
  • Testosterone phenylpropionate
37
Q

Topic 34: Uterus muscle stimulants and relaxants

A
Stimulants:
Prostaglandins
- Cloprostenol
- Dinoprost
- Etiproston
- Luprostiol
Oxytocin
Carbetocin
Parasympathomimetics:
- Carbachol
Ergot alkaloids:
- Ergometrine
- Methylergometrine
Uterus relaxants:
Antispasmodics:
- Denaverine
- Papaverine
- Drotaverine
B2 agonists:
- Terbutaline
- Clenbuterol
38
Q

Topic 35: Pharmacology of Anaemia (Iron, Erythropoietin and derivates)

A

Iron:

  • Apoferretin
  • Ferretin
  • Iron – fumarate
  • iron – gluconate
  • Fe-dextrane
  • Deferoxamine

If overdose:
- Deferoxamine

  • Hepcidin
  • Pyrodoxine
  • B6, 9 and 12

Erythropoietin:

  • Epoetin-alpha
  • Darbepoetin

Immunomodulatory therapy:
- Levamisole

39
Q

Topic 22: Antiarrhytmic drugs

A

Na-channel blockers:

  • Quinidine (A)
  • Procainamide (A)
  • Lidocaine (B)
  • Mexiletine (B)

Beta-blockers:

  • Propanolol
  • Metoprolol
  • Atenolol
  • Esmolol
  • Carvedilol

K+-channel blockers:

  • Sotalol
  • Amiodarone

Ca2+-channel blockers:

  • Amlodipine
  • Nifedipine
  • Verapamil
  • Diltiazem
  • Digoxin
  • Atropine
40
Q

Topic 23: Pharmacology of Respiratory tract

A

Sympathomimetics:

  • Adrenaline
  • Ephedrine
  • Salbutamol
  • Clenbuterole
  • Terbutaline
  • Salmeterol
  • Formoterol

Parasympatholytics:

  • Atropine
  • Glycopyrrolate
  • Ipratropium

Xanthine derivates:

  • Caffeine
  • Theobromine
  • Theophylline
  • Aminophyllin
  • Propentophylline

Antitussives:

  • Codeine
  • Dihydrocodeine
  • Butorphanol
  • Tramadol
  • Dextrometorphan

Mucolytics:

  • Acetylcysteine
  • Carbocysteine

Expectorants:

  • Bromohexine
  • Ambroxal
  • Dembrexine
  • Guaifenesine
  • Ammonium chloride
  • Volatile oils

Respiratory anti-inflammatory:

  • Beclomethasone
  • Fluticasone
  • Na-chromoglcate
  • Nedocromil

Leukotrienes antagonists:

  • Zileuton
  • Fenleuton
  • Zafirlukast
  • Montelukast
41
Q

Topic 24: Emetics, Antiemetics, Prokinetic drugs

A
Emetics:
- Apomorphine
- Xylazine
- H2O2
(- Carbechol
- Neostigmine)

Antiemetics:

  • Lidocaine
  • Benzocaine
  • Sucralfat
  • Acepromazine
  • Chlorpromazine
  • Promethazine
  • Metoclopramide
  • Domperidone
  • Ondansetron
  • Dimenhydrinate
  • Diphenhydramine
  • Maropitant

Prokinetic drugs:

  • Metoclopramide
  • Domperidone
  • Cisapride
  • Ranitidine
  • Nizatidine
  • Neostigmine
  • Pyridostigmine
  • Erythromycin
42
Q

Topic 30: Adrenocortical hormones, drugs for treatment of cushing’s disease and addison’s disease

A

Adrenocortical hormones:

  • Mineralcorticoids (Aldosterone)
  • Glucocorticoids
  • Androgens (Estrogen, Testosterone)

Cushing’s disease:

  • Bromocriptine
  • Mitotane
  • Trilostane

Addison’s disease:

  • Deoxycortixosterone pivalate
  • Fludrocortisone acetate
43
Q

Topic 31: Thyroid hormones, drugs for treatment of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

A

Hormones:

  • Triiodothyronine (T3)
  • Thyroxine (T4)
  • Calcitonin

Hypothryroidism:

  • Levothyroxine
  • Levothyroxine-Na

Hyperthyroidism:

  • Methimazole
  • Carbimazole
  • Iodine
44
Q

Topic 32: Pharmacology of sexual functions 1. (GnRH, Gonadotropins, prostaglandins)

A

GnRH:

  • Gonadorelin
  • Buserelin
  • Fertirelin
  • Deslorelin

Gonadotropins

  • FSH
  • LH
  • eCG
  • hCG

Prostaglandins:

  • Cloprostenol
  • Dinoprost
  • Etiproston
  • Luprostiol
45
Q

Topic 25: Laxatives, antidiarrheals, appetite stimulants

A

Stimulant laxatives:

  • Phenolphtalein
  • Bisacodyl
  • Aloe
  • Emodin

Osmotic laxatives:

  • Na2SO4
  • MgSO4
  • Lactulose

Colloidal laxatives:

  • Corn meal
  • Pumpkin

Emolliant laxatives:
- Liquid paraffin

Antidiarrheals, adsorbents:

  • Activated charcoal
  • Kaolin

Antidiarrheals, adstringents:

  • Bismuth salts (Salicyclic acid)
  • Tannic acid

Motility reducers:

  • Atropine
  • Butyl-scopalamine
  • Loperamide
  • Diphenpxylate

Appetite stimulants:

  • B vitamins
  • Nandrolone
  • Stanozolole
  • Diazepam
  • Oxazepam
  • Cyproheptadine
  • Propofol
46
Q

Topic 26: Antiulcer drugs and liver protectants

A

Antacids:

  • MgO
  • MgOH
  • AlOH

H2- antagonists:

  • Cimetidine
  • Ranitidine
  • Famotidine

Proton-pump inhibition:
- Omeprazole

PGE-analogues
- Misoprostol

Coating agents:
- Sucralfate

Cholagogues:

  • Ursodiol
  • Clanobutin

Hepatoprotectants:
- Silimarine

Lipotropic drugs:

  • Choline
  • Methionine
  • Lecithin

Others:

  • Glucose and Fructose
  • N-acetylcysteine
  • Vitamin E, B, K, C and Se
47
Q

Topic 27: Diuretics

A

Cardiac diuretics:

  • Digoxin
  • Caffeine
  • Theophyllin
  • Theobromine

ACE inhibitors:

  • Captopril
  • Enalapril
  • Ramipril
  • Benazepril
  • Lisinopril

Osmotic diuretics:
- Mannitol

Carboanhydrase:

  • Acetazolamide
  • Dorzolamide

Loop diuretics:

  • Furosemide
  • Torsemide

Thiazides:

  • Hydrocholothiazide
  • Cholothiazide

Potassium sparing diuretics:

  • Amiloride
  • Triamterene

Aldosterone antagonists:
- Spironolactone

48
Q

Topic 28: Pharmacology of the hypothalamus and hypophysis hormones

A

Hypothalamus:

  • Buserelin
  • Fertirelin
  • Gonadorelin
  • Deslorelin

Thyreotropin:
- Levothyroxine

Prolactin:
- Bromocriptine

Hormones of the pituitary gland:

  • eCG
  • hCG
  • Oxytocin
  • Carbetocin

Others:

  • Thyroid gland: T3 & T4
  • Pancreas: Insulin
  • Pineal gland: Melatonin

Antidiuretic hormone:
- Desmopressin

49
Q

Topic 29: Insulin and other antidiabetics

A

Insulin:

  • Insulin zinc
  • Protamine zinc insulin
  • Isophane insulin

Antidiabetics:

  • Tolbutamide
  • Chloropropamide
  • Metahexamide
  • Glipizide
  • Fenformine
  • Buformine
  • Methoformine
  • Troglitazone
  • Draglitazone
  • Acarbos