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Pharmacology > Hormones Lab test > Flashcards

Hormones Lab test Flashcards

1
Q

Indication for use of Caninsulin, Prozinc and Insuman?

A

DM type 1
Diagnostic use
Cow ketosis

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2
Q

Drugs to use against DM type 1?

A

Caninsulin 40 NE/ml AUV
Prozinc 40 NE/ml AUV
Insuman 100 NE/ml AUV

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3
Q

Route of administration of Caninsulin, Prozinc and Insuman?

A

SC

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4
Q

Side effects of Caninsulin, Prozinc and Insuman?

A

Hypoglycaemia (relative too)
Allergy
Somogyi-rebound effect

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5
Q

Which drug would you use in cats to adjust to insulin?

A

Incretin-exenatide (GLP1 receptor agonist) in SC injection

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6
Q

What is the indication of oral antidiabetic drugs?

A

DM type 2

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7
Q

Which animals can Acarbose be used?

What does it do?

A

It can be used in dogs and cats.

Retardation of carbohydrate absorption (alpha glucosidase inhibitor)

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8
Q 
Sulfonylureas: What does it do?
Which drug(s) are in this group?
A

Increases insulin secretion (Oral antidiabetics)
Glipizide
Gliclazide
Glibenclamide

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9
Q

Glipizide, Gliclazide or Glibenclamide. Which one is preferred in cats?

A

Glipizide (5mg tablets) (Oral antidiabetics)

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10
Q 
Biguanides: What does it do?
Which drug(s) are in this group?
A

It decrease the insulin resistance. (Oral antidiabetics)
Metformin
Buformin

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11
Q

Glinides: What does it do?

Which drug is in this group?

A

It increases insulin secretion. (Oral antidiabetics)

Nateglinide

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12
Q 
Glitazones: What does it do?
Which drug(s) is in this group?
A

Activation of nuclear receptors, liver, adipose tissue and muscles increased insulin sensitivity. (Oral antidiabetics)
Pioglitazone

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13
Q

Which drugs act on the adrenal cortex?

A

Glucocorticoids
Mineralcorticoids
Gonadocorticoids

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14
Q

Addison’s disease

A

Decreased hormone production

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15
Q

Cushing’s disease

A

Increased hormone production

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16
Q

Fludrocortisone: Indication?

Side effects?

A

Indication: addison’s disease (additional glucocorticoid effect)
Side effects: Increased blood pressure, inflammation

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17
Q

Which drug(s) can be used against Addison’s disease?

A

Fludrocortisone

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18
Q

Bromocriptine: Which animals?

Indication?

A

Dog: 50 microgram/kg BID
Horse: 100 microgram/kg BID
Cushing’s disease caused by the pituitary gland

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19
Q

Pituitary induced hypercortisolism, which drugs can be used?

A

Bromocriptine

Cyproheptadine

20
Q

Cyproheptadine: Indication?

Which animals?

A

Dog and horse: 0,25 mg/kg SID

Pituitary induced hypercortisolism

21
Q

Adrenal gland induced hypercortisolism, which drugs can be used?

A

Mitotane (MUST BE AVOIDED)
Ketoconazole
Trilostane

22
Q

Dose of Ketoconazole:

A

Weekly increasing dose 5-10-15 mg/kg BID (LIVER!)

Adrenal gland induced Cushing’s disease

23
Q

Side effects of Trilostane?

A

(Adrenal gland induced Cushing’s disease)

GI, lethargy, acute pancreatitis, Addison’s crysis

24
Q

Drug(s) used against hypothyroidism?

A

Iodine containing agents: Iodised salt, Lugol’s solution
Levothyroxine-Na (in tablet form)
Liothyronone

25
Q

Iodine containing agents: Iodised salt, Lugol’s solution
Levothyroxine-Na (in tablet form)
Liothyronone
Act against what?

A

Hypothyroidism

26
Q

Drug(s) used against hyperthyroidism?

A

Methimazol/Tiamazol (tablet form)

27
Q

Methimazol/Tiamazol (tablet form) side effects?

Dose?

A

Side effects: Liver damage, emesis, facial pruritus, immune mediated haemolytic anaemia
5mg/cat/day BID or TID
(Hyperthyroidism)

28
Q

Stimulation of gonadal functions. Which group(s)?

A

GnRH (buserelin, fertirelin, gonadorelin, deslorelin)
FSH (eCG (PMSG)
LH (hCH)

29
Q

What is the application of gonadal stimulatory drugs?

A

SC, IM

Deslorelin is available as an implant

30
Q

What is the indication of gonadal stimulatory drugs?

A

Decreased mating activity, sexual development.
Facilitating oestrus, induction of polyoestrus
increasing sperm quality
supporting nidation
“Chemical castration”

31
Q

What is the side effects of gonadal stimulatory drugs?

A

Allergy
Fever
Abortion!

32
Q

Oestrus synchronisation, which group(s) are used?

A

Progestogens/Progestagens

Prostaglandins

33
Q

Which drugs are apart of the 1st generation progestogens/progestagens?

A 
(Oestrus synchronisation)
Progesterone
MPA
Norgestomet (combo with oestradiol, available as implantation and injection)
Flu(ro)gestone (sponge)
Altrenogest (oral solution)
34
Q

Which drugs are apart of the 2nd generation progestogens/progestagens?

A

(Oestrus synchronisation)
Proligestone
Megestrol acetate (tablet form)

35
Q

Which drugs are found within the prostaglandins?

A 
(Oestrus synchronisation)
Cloprostenol (Horse, cattle, swine)
Dinoprost (Horse, cattle, swine)
Etiproston (Cattle)
Luprostiol (Horse, cattle, swine)
36
Q

What else can oestrus synchronization drugs be used for?

A

Pyometra
Endometritis
Abortion
induction of parturition

37
Q

Which groups of drugs can be used for abortion

A

Prostaglandins
Antiprogesterone
Ergolines

38
Q

Antiprogesterone: Indication?
Which drug is within the group?
Side effects?

A

Abortion
Aglepriston (SC 10 mg/kg repeated 24 hours later)
Side effects: Swelling, skin enlargement at injection side, pyometra/metritis

39
Q

Ergolines: Indications?
Which drugs are within the group?
Side effects?

A

Indications: Abortion, pseudo pregnancy in bitch
Carbergoline, bromocriptine
Side effects: Anti-prolactin effect, emesis

40
Q

Myometrial stimulants: Main groups of drugs used?

A

Prostaglandins
Oxytocin
Beta2 adrenoreceptor agonists
Antispasmodics

41
Q

Oxytocin: Indication?
Effect?
Side effect?

A

Myometrial stimulation
Effect: dystocia, milk let down decreases, uterine bleeding, retention of foetal membrane and eggs (in reptiles too)
SIde effects: GI and cardiovascular system

42
Q

Oxytocin: veterinary products?

A 
(Myometrial stimulation)
Oxytocin
Oxitocina
Oxytocine
Dila-part
Perlacton (nasal spray)
43
Q

Carbetocin depotocin: Indication

Duration of action?

A 
Myometrial stimulation (Oxytocin)
Long duration of action
44
Q

Ergometrine, methylergometrine: indication?

A 
Myometrial stimulation (Oxytocin)
Post partum + vasoconstriction
45
Q

Drugs found in beta2 adrenoreceptor agonists?

A

(Myometrial stimulation)
Clenbuterol
Terbutaline

46
Q

Drugs found in antispasmodics?

A

(Myometrial stimulation)
Papaverine
Drotaverine
Denaverine

47
Q

Major indications of myometrial stimulations?

A 
Inhibition of premature labour(?)
Difficult parturition
Intrauterine foetal procedures
Reposition of uterus
Procurement of embryos from donor and implantation into the recipients.

Pharmacology (7 decks)

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