Hormones Lab test Flashcards by Silje Terland

Indication for use of Caninsulin, Prozinc and Insuman?

DM type 1
Diagnostic use
Cow ketosis

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Drugs to use against DM type 1?

Caninsulin 40 NE/ml AUV
Prozinc 40 NE/ml AUV
Insuman 100 NE/ml AUV

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Route of administration of Caninsulin, Prozinc and Insuman?

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Side effects of Caninsulin, Prozinc and Insuman?

Hypoglycaemia (relative too)
Allergy
Somogyi-rebound effect

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Which drug would you use in cats to adjust to insulin?

Incretin-exenatide (GLP1 receptor agonist) in SC injection

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What is the indication of oral antidiabetic drugs?

DM type 2

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Which animals can Acarbose be used?

What does it do?

It can be used in dogs and cats.

Retardation of carbohydrate absorption (alpha glucosidase inhibitor)

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Sulfonylureas: What does it do?
Which drug(s) are in this group?

Increases insulin secretion (Oral antidiabetics)
Glipizide
Gliclazide
Glibenclamide

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Glipizide, Gliclazide or Glibenclamide. Which one is preferred in cats?

Glipizide (5mg tablets) (Oral antidiabetics)

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Biguanides: What does it do?
Which drug(s) are in this group?

It decrease the insulin resistance. (Oral antidiabetics)
Metformin
Buformin

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Glinides: What does it do?

Which drug is in this group?

It increases insulin secretion. (Oral antidiabetics)

Nateglinide

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Glitazones: What does it do?
Which drug(s) is in this group?

Activation of nuclear receptors, liver, adipose tissue and muscles increased insulin sensitivity. (Oral antidiabetics)
Pioglitazone

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Which drugs act on the adrenal cortex?

Glucocorticoids
Mineralcorticoids
Gonadocorticoids

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Addison’s disease

Decreased hormone production

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Cushing’s disease

Increased hormone production

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Fludrocortisone: Indication?

Side effects?

Indication: addison’s disease (additional glucocorticoid effect)
Side effects: Increased blood pressure, inflammation

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Which drug(s) can be used against Addison’s disease?

Fludrocortisone

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Bromocriptine: Which animals?

Indication?

Dog: 50 microgram/kg BID
Horse: 100 microgram/kg BID
Cushing’s disease caused by the pituitary gland

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Pituitary induced hypercortisolism, which drugs can be used?

Bromocriptine

Cyproheptadine

Cyproheptadine: Indication?

Which animals?

Dog and horse: 0,25 mg/kg SID

Pituitary induced hypercortisolism

Adrenal gland induced hypercortisolism, which drugs can be used?

Mitotane (MUST BE AVOIDED)
Ketoconazole
Trilostane

Dose of Ketoconazole:

Weekly increasing dose 5-10-15 mg/kg BID (LIVER!)

Adrenal gland induced Cushing’s disease

Side effects of Trilostane?

(Adrenal gland induced Cushing’s disease)

GI, lethargy, acute pancreatitis, Addison’s crysis

Drug(s) used against hypothyroidism?

Iodine containing agents: Iodised salt, Lugol’s solution
Levothyroxine-Na (in tablet form)
Liothyronone

Iodine containing agents: Iodised salt, Lugol's solution Levothyroxine-Na (in tablet form) Liothyronone Act against what?

Hypothyroidism

Drug(s) used against hyperthyroidism?

Methimazol/Tiamazol (tablet form)

Methimazol/Tiamazol (tablet form) side effects? | Dose?

Side effects: Liver damage, emesis, facial pruritus, immune mediated haemolytic anaemia 5mg/cat/day BID or TID (Hyperthyroidism)

Stimulation of gonadal functions. Which group(s)?

GnRH (buserelin, fertirelin, gonadorelin, deslorelin) FSH (eCG (PMSG) LH (hCH)

What is the application of gonadal stimulatory drugs?

SC, IM | Deslorelin is available as an implant

What is the indication of gonadal stimulatory drugs?

Decreased mating activity, sexual development. Facilitating oestrus, induction of polyoestrus increasing sperm quality supporting nidation "Chemical castration"

What is the side effects of gonadal stimulatory drugs?

Allergy Fever Abortion!

Oestrus synchronisation, which group(s) are used?

Progestogens/Progestagens | Prostaglandins

Which drugs are apart of the 1st generation progestogens/progestagens?

``` (Oestrus synchronisation) Progesterone MPA Norgestomet (combo with oestradiol, available as implantation and injection) Flu(ro)gestone (sponge) Altrenogest (oral solution) ```

Which drugs are apart of the 2nd generation progestogens/progestagens?

(Oestrus synchronisation) Proligestone Megestrol acetate (tablet form)

Which drugs are found within the prostaglandins?

``` (Oestrus synchronisation) Cloprostenol (Horse, cattle, swine) Dinoprost (Horse, cattle, swine) Etiproston (Cattle) Luprostiol (Horse, cattle, swine) ```

What else can oestrus synchronization drugs be used for?

Pyometra Endometritis Abortion induction of parturition

Which groups of drugs can be used for abortion

Prostaglandins Antiprogesterone Ergolines

Antiprogesterone: Indication? Which drug is within the group? Side effects?

Abortion Aglepriston (SC 10 mg/kg repeated 24 hours later) Side effects: Swelling, skin enlargement at injection side, pyometra/metritis

Ergolines: Indications? Which drugs are within the group? Side effects?

Indications: Abortion, pseudo pregnancy in bitch Carbergoline, bromocriptine Side effects: Anti-prolactin effect, emesis

Myometrial stimulants: Main groups of drugs used?

Prostaglandins Oxytocin Beta2 adrenoreceptor agonists Antispasmodics

Oxytocin: Indication? Effect? Side effect?

Myometrial stimulation Effect: dystocia, milk let down decreases, uterine bleeding, retention of foetal membrane and eggs (in reptiles too) SIde effects: GI and cardiovascular system

Oxytocin: veterinary products?

``` (Myometrial stimulation) Oxytocin Oxitocina Oxytocine Dila-part Perlacton (nasal spray) ```

Carbetocin depotocin: Indication | Duration of action?

``` Myometrial stimulation (Oxytocin) Long duration of action ```

Ergometrine, methylergometrine: indication?

``` Myometrial stimulation (Oxytocin) Post partum + vasoconstriction ```

Drugs found in beta2 adrenoreceptor agonists?

(Myometrial stimulation) Clenbuterol Terbutaline

Drugs found in antispasmodics?

(Myometrial stimulation) Papaverine Drotaverine Denaverine

Major indications of myometrial stimulations?

``` Inhibition of premature labour(?) Difficult parturition Intrauterine foetal procedures Reposition of uterus Procurement of embryos from donor and implantation into the recipients. ```