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CNS > Pharma-Antidepressants > Flashcards

Pharma-Antidepressants Flashcards

0
Q

Physiological basis of depression

A

Potentiates action of norepinephrine and serotonin

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1
Q

Types of depression

A

1) Refractory
2) Major depression disorder
3) Bipolar disorder

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2
Q

MOA antidepressant?

A

1) MAO inhibitors
2) Tricyclic antidepressant
3) 2nd Generation (SSRI, SNRI)
4) Atypical antidepressant

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3
Q

MAOA?

A

Subtype of MAO Inhibitor -> Deactivates dopamine, NE, 5-HT

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4
Q

MAOB?

A

Subtype of MAO Inhibitor -> Deactivates dopamine

Causes Parkinson’s Disease

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5
Q

Moclobemide

A

MAOA

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6
Q

Selegiline

A

MAOB

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7
Q

1) Phenelzine
2) Tranylcypromine
3) Isocarboxazide

A

MAO Inhibitor Non-Selective (Both MAOA & MAOB)

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8
Q

Causes hypertensive crises when taken with Tyramine-releasing food (Catecholamines releaser)

A

MAOI

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9
Q

1) Prazocin

2) Phentolamine

A

Treatment for hypertensive crises caused by MAOI + Tyramine-releasing food

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10
Q

Causes serotonin syndrome (High BP, tremor, hyperthermia, metabolic acidosis, seizures) when combined with SSRI

A

MAOI

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11
Q

Special characteristic of MAOI?

A

Bind irreversibly to MAO

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12
Q

NE and 5-HT reuptake inhibitors

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

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13
Q

Block H1, M & A1 receptors

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

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14
Q

1) Imipramine
2) Desepramine
3) Amitriptyline
4) Nortriptyline

A

Tricyclic antidepressant (TCA)

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15
Q

Special characteristic of TCA?

A

No effect on normal individual

16
Q

Helpful to treat enuresis

A

Imipramine (TCA)

17
Q

Helpful to treat migraine and neuropathic pain

A

Amitriptyline (TCA)

18
Q

Pharmacokinetics of TCA?

A

1) Taken orally

2) Metabolised in liver

19
Q

1) Antimuscarinic (Blurred vision, dry mouth, urine retention)
2) Cardiac arrhythmias (Tachycardia)
3) Alpha antagonist (Dropped BP)
4) Antihistaminic (Increased appetite, weight gain, sedation)

A

TCA

20
Q

First line of treatment for depression?

A

SSRI

21
Q

Special characteristics of SSRI?

A

No muscaranic, histaminic or alpha-adrenergic effect

22
Q

Pharmacokinetics of SSRI?

A

1) Taken orally
2) Metabolised in liver
3) Half-life of fluoxetine is the longest
4) Fluoxetine may inhibit liver enzyme
5) Excreted through kidneys

23
Q

1) Citalopram
2) Fluoxetine -> Young
3) Escitalopram, sertraline -> Adult

A

SSRI

24
Q

1) Sleep disturbance
2) Suicidal thoughts
3) Hyponatremia to elderly patients
4) Sexual dysfuntion

A

SSRI

25
Q

Discontinuation syndrome of SSRI

A

1) Headache, malaise, nervous, sleep disturbance

2) More to short acting ones -> fluoxetine is the safest

26
Q

1) Duloxetine

2) Venlafaxine

A

SNRI

27
Q

Side effects of SNRI?

A

1) Similar to SSRI

2) Also may cause increased BP, urine retention, sweating

28
Q

Bupropion

A

Atypical antidepressant

29
Q

1) NE and Dopamine reuptake inhibitor
2) Used in nicotine dependence
3) Terminal illness (Cancer)

A

Bupropion

30
Q

Causes sympathomimetic effect

A

Bupropion (Atypical antidepressant)

31
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mixed disorder of depressive and manic phase

32
Q

Symptoms:

1) Talk rapidly and non-stop
2) Little sleep

A

Bipolar disorder

33
Q

1) Treatment for bipolar disorder
2) Requires several weeks for full effect
3) Doesn’t affect mood of normal people

A

Lithium

34
Q

Precaution for lithium

A

Need drug monitoring due to narrow therapeutic index

35
Q

1) Headache, dizziness, fatigue (CNS-related)
2) Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
3) Inhibit TSH

A

Side effect of lithium

36
Q

1) Anticonvulsants (Carbamazepine, valproic acid, lamotrigine)
2) Antipsychotics (Olanzapine, resperidone)

A

Maintenance for bipolar disorder

37
Q

Inhibit resynthesis of PIP2

A

Lithium

CNS (6 decks)

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