PHARMA 7 Flashcards
What is the likely reason for the strong anticholinergic activity in first generation antihistamines?
A. The drug is less lipophilic
B. The drug cannot cross the blood-brain barrier
C. The drug is a substrate of P-glycoprotein
D. The drug is highly lipophilic
D. The drug is highly lipophilic
Which of the following is TRUE regarding the effect of histamine on the cardiovascular system?
A. Decreases heart rate and thus hypotension
B. Decreases automaticity due to negative-dromotropic effect
C. Causes increases in rate of conduction through the AV node
D. Vasodilation due to H2 receptor activation is slow but more sustained
D. Vasodilation due to H2 receptor activation is slow but more sustained
A 32-yo male is brought to the ER for difficulty breathing and decreased consciousness.
History: prior intake of spicy garlic shrimps at restaurant, noted generalized pruritus, then progressed to difficulty of breathing
PE: HR-132 bpm; BP 60/40 mmHg
Question: What drug should be given immediately?
A. Cetirizine
B. Diphenhydramine
C. Hydrocortisone
D. Epinephrine
D. Epinephrine
You and your classmate are about to travel to CDO for return of face-to-face classes. He asks you what he can take for “seasickness” and avoid vomiting along the way. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the drug you will recommend?
A. Readily crosses the blood-brain barrier
B. Metabolized by CYP450
C. Able to block autonomic receptors
D. Selectively blocks H1 and H2 receptors
D. Selectively blocks H1 and H2 receptors
Which of the following medications is/are known to lessen the effect of antihistamines such as diphenhydramine?
A. Antidepressants
B. Erythromycin
C. Benzodiazepines
D. Ketoconazole
C. Benzodiazepines
An ER nurse mistakenly uses histamine for skin test on 23 yo female patient, instead of antibiotics. What second messengers are involved in the activation of the histamine receptors associated with this kind of
pathology?
A. NO
B. MAP kinase
C. Gs
D. Gi/o
A. NO
Which of the following is directly responsible for the wheal formation?
A. Direct vasodilating effect of histamine
B. Increased capillary permeability
C. Smooth muscle activation
D. Axonal reflex
B. Increased capillary permeability
Which of the following is the effect of histamine-induced stimulation of efferent fibers that cause vasodilation indirectly?
A. Flare
B. Edema
C. Wheal
D. Red spot
A. Flare
A 35-yo backhoe operator for DPWH seeks consult for pruritic skin rashes after intake of eggplant for breakfast. What cell type would be the chief storage of histamine in the patient’s blood?
A. Neutrophils
B. Basophils
C. Mast cells
D. Eosinophils
B. Basophils
Which of the following should you prefer to prescribe for his symptoms?
A. Diphenhydramine
B. Prednisone
C. Hydroxizine
D. Loratadine
D. Loratadine
You and your classmate are about to travel to CDO for return of face-to-face classes. He asks you what he can take for “seasickness” and avoid vomiting along the way. Which drug is recommended for this case?
A. Loratadine
B. Meclizine
C. Cetirizine
D. Hydroxyzine
B. Meclizine
Which antihistamine is excreted largely unchanged in the feces?
A. Fexofenadine
B. Meclizine
C. Cetirizine
D. Loratadine
A. Fexofenadine
A 35-year-old backhoe operator for DPWH complains of pruritic skin rashes after intake of eggplant for breakfast. Which of the following should be prescribed for his symptoms?
A. Loratadine
B. Hydroxyzine
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Prednisone
A. Loratadine
Which antihistamine has very strong anticholinergic activity?
A. Loratadine
B. Cetirizine
C. Diphenhydramine
D. Bilastine
C. Diphenhydramine
A 58-year old female complains of no improvement in allergic pruritus symptoms after prescription with Diphenhydramine. You learn that she is also taking other medications for co-morbidities. Which of the following is most likely causing a drug interaction making her antihistamine seem to have no effect?
A. Antidepressants
B. Benzodiazepines
C. Erythromycin
D. Ketoconazole
B. Benzodiazepines
