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Pharm Questions exam Flashcards

1
Q

Most effective drug to decrease gastric acid secretion as an irreversible proton pump inhibitor

A

Omeprazole

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2
Q

Drug given for traveler’s diarrhea (mild to moderate)

A

Bismuth (kills bacteria and reduces inflammation in intestines)

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3
Q

Synthetic Prostaglandin E1 analog, been shown to induce uterine contractions?

A

Misoprostol

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4
Q

Dopamine receptor blocking activity, used to treat diabetic gastric stasis

A

Metoclopramide (increases gastric motility and emptying)

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5
Q

70 year old stimulant laxative to prevent opioid induced constipation

A

Bisacodyl

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6
Q

70 year old car accident needs an osmotic/saline laxative

A

Magnesium Hydroxide

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7
Q

Agonist at opioid receptor without CNS effects

A

Loperamide (treats diarrhea)

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8
Q

Multiple tooth extractions 65yrs old dentures, 5HT3 receptor antagonist to reduce nausea and vomiting?

A

Ondansetron (blocks serotonin receptors in brain)

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9
Q

NO by inhibiting PDE-5 for degrading cGMP

A

Sildenafil

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10
Q

Drug that causes hypotension when in combination with nitroglycerin

A

Sildenafil

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11
Q

Orthostatic hypotension and headache are side effects of what

A

Nitroglycerin

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12
Q

What anti-anginal agent associated with orthostatic hypotension

A

Amlodipine (CCB)

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13
Q

Transdermal drug used for chronic stable angina too long can result in tachyphylaxis?

A

Nitroglycerin

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14
Q

What is contraindicated in vasospastic angina

A

beta blockers

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15
Q

What is therapeutic action of beta blockers

A

decreased requirement for myocardial oxygen (by dec’ing HR and force of contraction)

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16
Q

CCB that slows conduction thru AV node and acts on L-type calcium channels

A

Verapamil

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17
Q

Side effect of CCB like cerapamil or nifedipine

A

Gingival overgrowth (Hyperplasia)

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18
Q

Orally active anticoagulant is a direct thrombin inhibitor

A

Dabigatran

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19
Q

Heparin must bind to

A

Antithrombin 3

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20
Q

Patients who previously had a heart attack are often prescribed small dose aspirin. mechanism of action?

A

Inhibits platelet COX

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21
Q

What is fibrin selective

A

Alteplase (dissolves fibrin)

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22
Q

65yrs old patient diagnosed with A-fib taking blood thinner measure by INR?

A

Warfarin

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23
Q

which is a selective estrogen receptor modulator

A

Tamoxifen

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24
Q

What synthetic estrogen is widely used in oral contraceptives slow metabolic metabolism

A

Ethinyl Estradiol

25
Q

Synthetic steroid that mimics actions of progesterone and is used in combination with oral contraceptives

A

Norethindrone

26
Q

what is synthetic and spironolactone related progestin with anti-mineralocorticoid?

A

Drospirenone

27
Q

Male patient is placed on new medication feels his tender and enlarged breasts

A

Spironolactone (diuretic that can cause gyno)

28
Q

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of combination oral contraceptives?

A

They can slightly increase risk of venous thrombosis

29
Q

What hormone is released by IUDs to prevent ovulation

A

Levonorgestrel

30
Q

What inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone

A

Furosamide

31
Q

Which decreases serum LDL?

A

Ezetimibe

32
Q

Grapefruit juice and drugs that are activated by enzyme CYP3A4

A

Atorvastatin

33
Q

Drugs that bind bile acid

A

Cholestyramine (bile acid sequestrants)

34
Q

What is the mechanism for Gemfibrozil and Fenofibrate (Fibric acid derivatives)

A

Decreases plasma triglyceride levels

35
Q

Which diuretic has. sulfonamide group

A

Furosemide

36
Q

Elderly patient with pulmonary edema what is the treatment?

A

Furosemide

37
Q

Patient crisis bilateraly hearing loss, ototoxicity, patient is currently on what?

A

Furosemide

38
Q

What drug is contraindicated for patients with hypokalemia

A

Spironolactone or Acetazolamide

39
Q

College students trip to the… which drug prevents mountain sickness?

A

Acetazolamide

40
Q

60 year old female with Hashimoto, preferred treatment?

A

Oral T4 Therapy

41
Q

How do we measure the hypothyroid patient index for normal thyroid hormone levels?

A

TSH thyroid stimulating hormone

42
Q

Long term treatment for graves disease hyperthyroidism without thyrotoxicosis (thyroid storm) (over 21)

A

Radioactive iodine - destroys thyroid gland converting hyper to hypothyroidism curing graves but lifelong thyroid hormone replacement therapy

43
Q

Which step is inhibited by methimazole?

A

Iodide to Iodine and Coupling to thyroglobulin

44
Q

Hyperthyroid patient with a thyroid storm treatment?

A

Propranolol - treats thyroid storm

45
Q

Diabetic patient arrive at 2 pm with symptoms of confusion sweating and tremors is likely suffering from?

A

Hypoglycemia

46
Q

Type 1 diabetic rapid short acting insulin?

A

Insulin lispro

47
Q

Which is a long acting insulin?

A

Insulin glargine

48
Q

What medication is first line therapy for type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

A

Metformin

49
Q

What lowers blood glucose and increases insulin sensitivity?

A

Rosiglitazone

50
Q

What inhibits sodium/glucose transporter?

A

Canagliflozin

51
Q

IV lidocaine is used for?

A

Ventricular arrhythmias following MI (stabilizes electrical activity of the heart)

52
Q

60 Years old post MI arrhythmia treatment?

A

Atenolol (beta blocker)

53
Q

Patient new medication for 6 months , Blue/grey discoloration of oral cavity?

A

Amiodarone

54
Q

What causes torsade de point? (life threatening arrhythmia)

A

Sotalol (beta blocker)

55
Q

Anti-resorptive against osteoporosis?

A

Zoledronate (treats osteoporosis, inhibits bone breakdown)

56
Q

Correct regarding Bisphosphonates?

A

IV administration of bisphosphonate is preferred over oral administration bec/ it has better bioavailability

57
Q

Which conditions must be present for MRONJ?

A

a) Current or previous treatment with anti-resorptive and anti-angiogenic
b) Exposed bone probe through intraoral and extraoral fistula in the maxilla
c) No radiation treatment or obvious metastatic disease to the jaws
d) Tooth extraction prior to development of the condition

58
Q
A

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