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Musculoskeletal 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Incomplete Fracture

A

Bone still in one piece

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2
Q

Greenstick Fracture

A

Type of incomplete fracture (bends)
- bone is soft like green tree branch

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3
Q

Complete Fracture

A

Fracture separates Bone in 2 or more pieces

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4
Q

Closed Fracture

A

Overlying tissue is intact

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5
Q

Compound Fracture

A

Extension into overlying tissue occurs

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6
Q

Comminuted Fracture

A

Splintering of bone

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7
Q

Displaced Fracture

A

Fracture pieces are not aligned

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8
Q

Pathologic Fracture

A

Fracture occurs at site of prior disease (brown tumor)

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9
Q

how many steps for healing fractures

A

3

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10
Q

Step 1 of healing fractures

A

1) Fracture ruptures vasculature
- clot forms fibrin meshwork for:
a) WBCs
b) Fibroblasts
c) Endothelium
d) Cytokine release
(activate bone progenitors)

2) all of this forms SOFT TISSUE CALLUS
- holds ends of fracture in place (non-calcified, cant bear weight)

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11
Q

Time frame of Step 1 fracture healing

A

End of 1 week

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12
Q

Step 2 of Healing Fractures

A

Deposition of:
1) Woven Bone by osteoblasts
2) Cartilage by chondroblasts
- site for endochondral ossification (bone formation that takes place at epiphyseal growth plates)

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13
Q

What does step 2 of fracture healing lead to?

A

Bony Callus
- fracture ends are bridged by HARD TISSUE

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14
Q

Time frame for step 2 of healing fractures

A

2-3 weeks

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15
Q

Step 3 of healing fractures

A

a) Early callus includes excess fibrous tissue cartilage and bone
b) Weight bearing causes remodeling and fortification
c) restoration of size shape and integrity

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16
Q

Step 3 healing fractures time frame

A

Post formation of bony callus

17
Q

Complete restoration may never occur in these fractures

A
  • Displaced (misaligned)
  • Comminuted (splintered)
18
Q

What can disrupt fracture healing

A

1) 2 previously mentioned fractures
2) Inadequate Immobilization
3) Infection
4) Nutrition or vascular compromise???
5) Age

19
Q

What leads to Pseudoarthrosis formation?

A

Inadequate immobilization of fracture

20
Q

Pseudoarthrosis formation?

A
  • Soft tissues lined with synovial type cells
  • Creates false joint
  • Healing only takes place if soft tissues are removed and site is immobilized

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