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Neuro II > Pharm of Seizures and Epilepsy - Fitz > Flashcards

Pharm of Seizures and Epilepsy - Fitz Flashcards

1
Q

Broad spectrum AEDs

A
  • valproate
  • lamotrigine
  • topirimate
  • levetiracetam
  • zonisamide
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2
Q

AEDs for simple/complex disorder

A
  • gabapentin
  • pregabalin
  • oxycarbazepine
  • lacosamide
  • tiagabine
  • vigabatrin
  • ezogabin
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3
Q

AEDs for tonic/clonic disorder

A
  • carbamazepine
  • phenytoin
  • phenobarbital
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4
Q

AEDs for atonic clonic disorder

A
  • benzodiazepines (diazepam/lorazepam)

- clonazepam

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5
Q

AEDs for absence seizure

A

ethosuximide

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6
Q

MOA: Phenytonin

A

presynaptic, antagonize VGNaC, enhance fast inactivation

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7
Q

MOA: Carbamazepine

A

presynaptic, antagonize VGNaC, enhance fast inactivation

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8
Q

MOA: Lacosamide

A

presynaptic, antagonize VGNaC, enhance slow inactivation

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9
Q

MOA: Lamotrigine

A

presynaptic, antagonize VGNaC, enhance fast inactivation; acts at N- and P-type VGCaC in cortical neurons, acts at neocortical K+ currents

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10
Q

MOA: Oxcarbazepine

A

presynaptic, antagonize VGNaC, enhance fast inactivation

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11
Q

MOA: zonisamide

A

presynaptic, blocks VGNaC, blocks t-type Ca2+ channels

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12
Q

MOA: Ethosuximide

A

T-type Ca2+ channels

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13
Q

AEs: Valproate

A

weight gain, tremor, hair loss, lethargy, NTDs in offspring of pregnant women on drug (class D teratogen)

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14
Q

MOA: Tiagabine

A

presynaptic, inhibits GABA re-uptake

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15
Q

MOA: Vigabatrin

A

presnyaptic, inhibits GABA metabolism

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16
Q

MOA: Benzodiazepines

A

postsynaptic, allosteric potentiation of GABA receptor

17
Q

MOA: Phenobarbital

A

postsynaptic, allosteric potentiation of GABA (potentially lethal)

18
Q

Status epilepticus treatment

A

1) IV lorazepam/diazepam ~ 5 min, no change then…

2) use IV fosphenytonin

19
Q

Tx: Clonazepam

A

myoclonic seizures, available IV or suppository form

20
Q

MOA: Valproate

A

VGNaC, T-type Ca2+ channels, increase GABA

21
Q

MOA: Topirimate

A

VGNaC, LGNaC, Type-T Ca2+ channels, increase GABA, potentiate GABA(a) receptors

22
Q

MOA: Gabapentin

A

VGCaC

23
Q

MOA: Leviteracetam

A

bind synaptic vesicle protein SV2A - blunts glutamate release

24
Q

Elim: Pregabalin

A

100% renal clearance

25
Q

MOA: Ezogabine

A

opens VGKC

26
Q

AEs: Phenytonin

A

gingival hyperplasia, hirsutism, hypocalcemia, osteoporosis, class D teratogen

27
Q

AEs: Carbamazepine

A

aplastic anemia, hypocalcemia, hyponatremia, osteoporosis, increased risk of unplanned pregnancy, increased rick of A/V thrombosis, allergic reaction (SJS), class D teratogen

28
Q

Elim: Gabapentin

A

100% renal clearance

29
Q

AEs: Lamotigine

A

allergic reaction (Stevens-Jonson syndrome (SJS) when used with valproate)

30
Q

AE: Levetriacetam

A

none

31
Q

AEs: Oxycarbazepine

A

hyponatremia (MC in elderly), rash

32
Q

AEs: Tiagabine

A

stupor

33
Q

AEs: Topoiramate

A

nephrolithiasis, open angle glaucoma, hypohidrosis

34
Q

AEs: Zonisamide

A

rash, renal calculi, hypohidrosis

Neuro II (12 decks)

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