Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GII Exam 1 [Path, Pharm, Immuno, CLMD] > [Pharm] GI Infections; Antibiotic and anti-parasitic agents > Flashcards

[Pharm] GI Infections; Antibiotic and anti-parasitic agents Flashcards

1
Q

What is clostridium difficile?

Gram? Areobic/Anarobic?

A

Gram (+) anaerobic rod

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

C.diff makes it very difficult (difficile) to give patients what?

A

Broad spectrum antibiotics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

If a patient presents with diarrhea while on antibiotics, what do you need to consider?

A

C. diff

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the 4 point summary of treating a pt. with clostridium difficile?

A
  1. Cessation of inciting antibiotic
  2. Supportive care
  3. Fecal transplantation
  4. Pharmacological agents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the reasoning behind using antimicrobial agents in the treatment of C.diff?

A

The antimicrobial agents that are RARELY associated are used because they are probably not the inciting cause of C.diff.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 pharmacological agents used to treat C.diff?

A

Vancomycin

Metronidazole

Fidaxomicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the frequently associated antimicrobial agents with c.diff?

A

Fluoroquinolones

Clindamycin

Cephalosporins

Penicillins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the preferred treatment of CDI?

A

Vancomycin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When would you use metronidazole for CDI treatment?

A

If oral administration wont work for the patient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the UNIQUE AE of metronidazole?

probably a test question

A

DISULFURIME EFFECT = will cause N/V when alcohol is concomittently consumed

METALLIC TASTE IN MOUTH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What drug do you use for recurrent CDI?

A

Fidaxomicin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Most common cause of duodenal ulcers and chronic gastritis?

A

H. Pylori

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is known as the “classic amoeba”?

A

Entamoeba histolytica

E. histolytica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 2 therapeutic goals of treating E.histolytica?

A

Eliminate the invading trophozoites

Eradicate intestinal carriage of the organism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What drugs are used to eliminate the invading trophozoite in E.histolytica?

A

Metronidazole

OR

Tinidazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What drugs are used to eradicate the intestinal carriage of E.histolytica?

A

Paromomycin

OR

Iodoquinol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What drug is used for asymptomatic carriers of E.histolytica?

A

Luminal amebicide agents

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the method of drug admin that will ensure that E.histolytica is erradicated?

A

Give metronidazole or tinidazole

WITH

a luminal amebicide (paromomycin or idoquinol)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Iodoquinol

MOA?

A

UNKNOWN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Iodoquinol

Unique structure? Considerations?

A

Contains iodine

Make sure to avoid giving this to pts with iodine intolerance

21
Q

What is a big difference b/w Giardia lamblia and E.histolytica stool presentaton?

A

NO BLOOD IN STOOL FOR Giardia lamblia

22
Q

What is the first line agent for treating Giardia lamblia?

A

Tinidazole

23
Q

What is the second line treatment for giardia lamblia?

A

Nitazoxanide

24
Q

MOA of nitazoxanide?

A

Inhibition of pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase enzyme

25
Q

Unique AE of nitazoxanide?

A

Flatulence

ENLARGED salivary glands

YELLOW eyes

BRIGHT yellow urine

26
Q

What patient population is cryptosporidium parvum life threatening?

A

Immunocompromised

27
Q

What are the two antimicrobial agents used to treat cryptosporidium parvum?

Name the preferred 1st

A

Nitazoxanide

Paromomycin

28
Q

Is there an immune response to:

Worms?

Dead worms?

Eggs?

A

Worms = NO

Dead worms= Yes

Eggs= Yes

29
Q

What is the diagnostic marker for necator americanus/ancylostoma duodenale (hook worms)?

A

Eggs in feces

30
Q

What is a big difference in the diagnosis of strongyloides stercoralis?

A

EGGS ARE NOT PASSED IN THE STOOL

31
Q

What do the eggs look like in trichuris trichiura?

A

Footballs

32
Q

What are the (5) drugs used to treat nematodes?

A

Albendazole

Mebendazole

Thiabendazole

Ivermectin

Pyrantel pamoate

*Look for the bend in the name! Treating worms! Helps!

33
Q

What are the (2) broad spectrum anti-helminthic agents?

A

Albendazole

Mebendazole

34
Q

MOST of the anti-nemotode drugs MOA?

A

Inhibit microtubule synthesis

PARALYZES worms

35
Q

What is different about THIABENDAZOLE that warrented a different slide from albendazole and mebendazole?

A

Thiabendazole is MUCH MORE TOXIC

Don’t give this drug

36
Q

MOA of Ivermectin?

A

Intensifies GABA mediated transmission of signals in PNS of nematodes

PARALYSIS of nematodes

37
Q

MOA of Pyrantel pamoate?

A

Neuromuscular blocking agent

results in paralysis and expulsion of nemotode

38
Q

What are the two PRIMARY drugs given to treat MOST nematodes?

A

Albendazole

Mebendazole

39
Q

What drug that was introduced for nematodes (considered the evil brother) is NEVER USED?

A

Thiabendazole

40
Q

What is the primary drug geven for S. stercoralis?

A

Ivermectin

41
Q

Which nemotode doesn’t care which drug is primarily used?

A

E. vermicularis

42
Q

What is the “hot dog bun” platyhelminth?

A

Schistosoma spp

43
Q

What is the drug used to treat schistosoma?

A

Praziquantel

44
Q

MOA of praziquantel?

A

Increases permeability of nematode cell membranes

results in PARALYSIS

45
Q

What is the ONE DRUG that does NOT result in paralysis of the worm?

A

Niclosamide

46
Q

Niclosamide

MOA?

A

Uncouples oxidative phosphorylation

Blocks the uptake of glucose

DEATH OF WORM

47
Q

What should you remember about niclosamide?

A

It’s NOT given frequently. Sheehy just mentioned it because it is the ONLY drug that results in DEATH of the worm

Has a shit ton of side effects

48
Q
A

GII Exam 1 [Path, Pharm, Immuno, CLMD] (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions