Pharm Exam 3

Question 1

Somatotropin (Genotropin)

Answer 1

Used for growth.
Assess baseline ht & wt

cons: hyperglycemia
neutralizing antibodies
carpal tunnel syndrome
fatality in PWS (obesity, respiratory impairment)
glucocorticoids oppose growth

Question 2

Octreotide (Sandostatin)

Answer 2

octreotide [Sandostatin]
anti-growth
GH receptor antagonist

IM, SQ – diarrhea, N/V

Question 3

desmopressin (DDAVP)

Answer 3

Increases the reabsorption of water, and produces vasoconstriction of blood vessels at high doses

Water intoxication
Drowsiness, listlessness, HA then convulsions & terminal coma

Question 4

Insulins

Answer 4

Short: lispro/aspart
Intermediate: NPH (cloudy/can be mixed with short)
Long: glargine

Short: give right before or after meal/ lispro 5-10 min before
Intermed: BID-TID
Long: daily
Reg: 30-60 min before meal

Question 5

metformin

Answer 5

Does NOT stimulate insulin release – really no hypoglycemia risk

GI UPSET
Lactic acidosis

Question 6

Sulfonylureas

Answer 6

GLIPPIES
Oral antidiabetic drug
TAKE WITH MEAL
HYPOGLYCEMIA, weight gain

Question 7

Thiazolidinediones/Pioglitazone

Answer 7

Must have insulin for drug to work
Treat type 2 DM
cons: URI, HA, sinusitis, myalgia

Question 8

Jardiance, Farxiga

Answer 8

increase glucose excretion in urine → decreasing glucose levels

Jardiance (probably the most commonly prescribed)
Farxiga: vulvovaginitis, genital infections, back pain, polyuria, inc Hct

Question 9

Ozempic, Victoza

Answer 9

Non-insulin injectable drugs

[Victoza] medullary thyroid carcinoma

hypoglycemia, GI effects
renal impairment
weight loss

Question 10

Levothyroxine (Synthroid)

Answer 10

Drug of choice for all forms of hypothyroidism

TAKE ON EMPTY STOMACH

Question 11

Methimazole (Tapazole)

Answer 11

1st line for hyperthyroid
dangerous in pregnancy/lactation

Question 12

Propylthiouracil (PTU)

Answer 12

2nd line for hyperthyroid

Preferred for:
pregnant women (1st trimester), Thyrotoxic crisis, methimazole intolerance

Question 13

Radioactive idone

Answer 13

Used for grave’s disease
Sometimes only need one treatment

Cons: delayed effect (2-3mo), significant delayed hypothyroid (~90% of pts)

Question 14

Propranolol (Inderal)

Answer 14

suppress tachycardia & other symptoms of Grave’s disease
beneficial in Thyrotoxic crisis

Question 15

Hydrocortisone/Prednisone/
Dexamethasone

Answer 15

“in the sone”
treats adrenal insufficiency

Question 16

ACTH – Cosynotropin (Cortosyn)

Answer 16

Give…wait 30 -60 minutes…measure cortisol levels

If cortisol levels rise after dose of ACTH, then the adrenals are good

Question 17

morphine

Answer 17

Opioid: used to treat severe pain Requires patient to be conscious

Question 18

fentanyl

Answer 18

100 x more potent than morphine
Via 3 routes

Question 19

Methadone

Answer 19

Used for pain and opioid addicts

Question 20

Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)

Answer 20

Less nausea but more orthostatic hypotension than morphine

More rapid onset, but shorter duration of activity than morphine

Question 21

Hydrocodone/Oxycodone

Answer 21

Oral opiates with moderate effectiveness
Hydrocodone most widely prescribed drug in U.S.

Question 22

Buprenorphine (Suboxone)

Answer 22

IM/IV/SL: moderate – severe pain
transdermal / SL: opioid withdrawal/dependence

Question 23

Naloxone (Narcan)

Answer 23

Respiratory depression= Treat with naloxone (Narcan)

Opioid Agonists Moderate to Strong: reverse is naloxone

Question 24

Dexmedetomidine (Precedex)

Answer 24

Nonopiod
Used for icu or sedation

Causes hypotension, bradycardia

Question 25

Sumatriptan/triptains

Answer 25

Migraine treatment

vasoconstriction of intravascular vessels & vascular inflammation
abort ongoing migraine, relieve HA & symptoms

Cons: Chest – “heavy arms” or “chest pressure”
vasospasm – angina

Question 26

Propofol

Answer 26

induction & maintenance of anesthesia, no analgesia
also for sedation

Unconsciousness in 60 sec, lasts 3-5 min

Can cause: profound respiratory depression, hypotension, BACTERIAL INFECTION
Risk for abuse

Question 27

Ketamine

Answer 27

dissociative anesthesia, sedation, immobility, analgesia, amnesia

Adverse psychologic reactions
Drug of abuse: “special K”

Question 28

Lidocaine (xylocaine)

Answer 28

Local anesthetic

allergic rxn rare
CNC and CV toxicity
hepatic metabolism

Question 29

Chlordiazepoxide (Librium)

Answer 29

use in alcohol withdraw

Decrease symptoms, stabilize VS, prevent seizures & delirium tremens (DTs)

Question 30

“Banana bag”

Answer 30

IV bag that looks yellow like bananas
Used to support ETOH withdraws

Question 31

nicotine replacement

Answer 31

Patch: Nicoderm
Gum: Nicorette
Lozenge: Nicorette Lozenge
Nasal Spray: Nicotrol NS
Inhaler: Nicotrol Inhaler

Question 32

Bupropion (Wellbutrin)

Answer 32

atypical antidepressant
Reduces the urge to smoke and reduces some symptoms of nicotine withdrawal, such as irritability and anxiety

Adverse effects: Dry mouth and insomnia

Question 33

Midazolam (versed)

Answer 33

CONSCIOUS SEDATION
Cardio-resp side effects

Question 34

Acetaminophen (Ofirmev)

Answer 34

Acetaminophen IV
Nonopiod pain management

Question 35

Ketorolac (Toradol)

Answer 35

IM/IV pain management option for clients in the hospital/clinic setting

Question 36

Succinylcholine

Answer 36

Patient will cease breathing thus you must be breathing for them.

Short acting Avoid use in clients with hyperkalemia

Question 37

Management of malignant hyperthermia

Answer 37

methimazole, beta blocker (Propranolol)

Question 38

migraine management

Answer 38

Class: Triptains (easy name)
Med: Sumatriptan