Pharm exam 2-lena

Question 1

are Phenylephrine and Ephedrine catecholamine?

Answer 1

not catecholamines because the have a different structure (no hydroxyl group). So these drugs don’t completely bind the receptor or do not directly stimulate the receptor.

Question 2

what are Sympathomimetics (also called catecholamines)?

Answer 2

derived from parent compound ᵦ- phenylethylamine. Variations in the hydroxyl groups on carbons 3 and 4 of the benzene rings change the properties of these drugs.
Dopamine-> Norpinephrine & Epinephrine

Question 3

what type sets Milrinone , Vasopressin, and Levosimendan apart from catecholamines?

Answer 3

do not share the structural properties of the sympathomimetic drugs, catecholamines, or each other.

Question 4

edrophonium (cholinesterase inhibitor) bind to cholinestarse in two ways:

Answer 4

1- anionic - electrostatic
2- esteratic- hydrogen
these bonds are weak which explains the short duration

Question 5

how does atropine work?

Answer 5

it binds to M2 receptors and small doses can cause paradoxical bradycardia by blinding to M1

Question 6

what ions pass through the nicotinic receptors?

Answer 6

sodium, calcium and potassium