Pharm Drugs Flashcards
Signal transduction inhibitor drugs usually have what suffix?
Tyrosine kinase inhibitor: -“nib”
Which drug inhibits tyrosine kinase, specifically BCR-abl kinase and used to tx CML?
Imatinib
drug that inhibits EGFR form of tyrosine kinase?
Erlotinib
Signal transduction inhibitor that inhibits BRAF?
Dabrafenib
What category of drugs are used to inhibit cancer cell proliferation? What are their suffixes?
Monoclonal Antibodies; “-mab”
What drug inhibits angiogenesis (BV formation)?
BeVacizumab
What drug targets EGFR and is mainly used for stage IV colorectal cancer?
Cetuximab;
NOTE: facial rash w/ cetuximab is positive response to therapy due to EGFR–> develop acneiform-like rash on face
Drug that induces complement mediated lysis (CD20) and must have pre-tx w/ antihistamine and acetaminophen? This drug is used for Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Rituximab
Peptide inhibitor drug that is used to tx multiple myeloma, but can cause herpes zoster reactivation? This drug has multiple MOAs which lead to apoptosis of plasma cells!
Bortezomib
One method used to prevent drug resistance is _____
combination therapy
4 reasons for combo therapy rationale:
- increase efficacy
- decrease toxicity risk
- minimizes cancer cell resistance to drug
- target diff. phases of cell cycle
what suffix is used for mostly humanized drugs?
“zumab”
what suffix is used for mainly chimerized drugs?
“ximab”
Glucocorticoids include:
Prednisone, prednisolone (IV), dexamethasone, betamethasone
Corticosteroids ate believed to disrupt ____
intracellular communication b/w leukocytes
What drugs are used in allergic reactions in bronchial asthma and autoimmune disorders?
Corticosteroids
Which alkylating agent is broken to form a phosphoramide mustard and can cause hemorrhagic cystitis?
cyclophosphamide
Which drug inhibits IL-2 synthesis and inhibits early stages of differentiation of T cells?
Cyclosporine
MOA for cyclosporine?
inactivates a phosphatase enzyme (calcineurin)
P-glycoprotein efflux and cytochrome P450 metabolism decreases ___ absorption significantly
cyclosporine
Which drug is more specific and binds to FKBP-12 to inhibit calcineurin and is used to prevent liver and kidney rejections?
Tacrolimus
Which drug inhibits Inosine Monophosphate dehydrogenase, thus blocking de novo formation of GMP?
Mycophenolate
Which drug inhibits purine synthesis, thus killing lymphoid cells?
Azathioprine
What xanthine oxidase inhibitor is used to prolong the half life of Azathioprine?
Allopurinol
Leflunomide is approved to tx ____
Rheumatoid arthritis
Leflunomide exhibits pharmacological activity via M1. What does M1 do?
M1 inhibits DHODH, an enzyme in the mitochondria that catalyzes a key step in de novo pyrimidine synthesis
Which macrolide antibiotic comes from streptomyces and blocks the response of T cells to cytokines?
Sirolimus
Which drug blocks IL-2 stimulated proliferation and is used in kidney/heart allografts?
Sirolimus
Which drug is used in renal transplants and forms a complex w/ FKBP-12 and blocks mTOR?
Everolimus
___ is used as an immunosuppressant for prophylaxis and management of organ transplant rejection
ATG ( anti-thymocyte globulin); tx the acute phase of allograft rejection
What are very useful in Graft vs Host rxns?
Antilymphocyte and antithymocyte antibodies- they destroy T lymphocytes
Which drug is a murine monoclonal antibody direct against CD3 molecules and is used to prevent allograft rejection?
Muromonab
Which drug is directed against CD52 and is used in MS, and BM, kidney, and islet cell transplants?
Alemtuzumab
Which 2 drugs are IL2 receptor blockers that are used for multi-organ transplants?
Basiliximab & Daclizumab
Which drug binds to and blocks the IL-2 receptor alpha chain, known as the CD25 antigen?
Basiliximab
Which drug is used to prevent atopic dermatitis and should not be used beyond the period of need or it can lead to cancer?
Pimecrolimus
Which drug looks like myelin and serves as decoy to autoantibodies in order to neutralize them before tissue damage? This drug is used to tx pts w/ relapsing-remitting MS
Glatiramer
Which 2 drugs are monoclonal antibodies to cytokine receptors for TNF-alpha that prevent downstream inflammatory cytokines?
Etanercept and Infliximab
Which drug is approved for RA and psoriasis?
Etanercept
Which drug is approved for Crohn’s disease and RA?
Infliximab
which drug is an anti-CD11a monoclonal antibody that helps tx severe psoriasis?
Efalizumab
___ is a an LFA-3/IgG1 fusion protein that is used for plaque psoriasis?
Alefacept
Rh0[D] immune globulin is a parenteral immune globulin used to prevent isoimmunization in Rh0[D]-negative women exposed to Rh0[D]-positive blood. What are the two uses of this?
prevents the risk of erythroblastosis fetalis & Rh hemolytic disease of the subsequent born
