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Heme/Lymph Block > Nutrition Care in Blood/Lymph Disorders > Flashcards

Nutrition Care in Blood/Lymph Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Which nutritional component provides energy supply in RBC formation and metabolism?

A

macronutrients

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2
Q

Which nutritional component is used to make Hb and carrier proteins, and help with fluid balance (hydrostatic pressure)?

A

amino acids

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3
Q

Which nutritional component is used to make cellular membranes?

A

lipids

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4
Q

Which nutritional component is involved in the formation of blood components?

A

micronutrients

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5
Q

Which micronutrients are in widespread deficiency in the US?

A
  • Vit D, E, K
  • calcium
  • iron
  • Mg, K+
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6
Q

Which micronutrients are in moderate deficiency in the US?

A
  • Vit B6, Folate, C, A
  • Phosphorus
  • Zinc
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7
Q

Which micronutrients are in mild deficiency in the US?

A
  • Thiamin/Vit B1
  • Riboflavin/Vit B2
  • Vit B12
  • Copper
  • Selenium
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8
Q

Deficiency in which 2 nutrients correlates with megaloblastic anemia?

A 
Vit B9 (folate) 
Vit B12 (Cobalamin)
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9
Q

Deficiency in which nutrient correlates with microcytic hypo chromic anemia?

A

iron

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10
Q

What 3 related factors may alter requirements and/or demand for blood-forming nutrients?

A
  • validated screening tools
  • adequate energy for healthy weight
  • altered micronutrient needs
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11
Q

ICD -10 Code Level of severity for Unspecified severe protein-calorie malnutrition?

A

E43

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12
Q

ICD -10 Code Level of severity for Moderate severe protein-calorie malnutrition?

A

E44.0

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13
Q

what are the 6 characteristics in diagnosing malnutrition?

A
  1. Weight loss
  2. insufficient energy intake
  3. loss of subcutaneous fat
  4. loss of muscle mass
  5. localized or generalized fluid accumulation
  6. Diminished functional status
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14
Q

Individuals that consume a vegetarian meal plan w/o supplementation will most likely have what micronutrient deficiency?

A

iron deficiency

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15
Q

bioavailability of iron depends on:

A
  1. rate of absorption based on iron status of individual
  2. form of iron in diet
  3. iron absorption can be inhibited
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16
Q

What physical effects are associated w/ iron deficiency anemia?

A

pale skin, inside of lower eyelid may be light pink, fingernails have koilonychia

17
Q

5 things to maximize iron absorption and prevent iron deficiency anemia:

A
  1. improve food choices
  2. include source of Vit C at every meal
  3. include heme containing meat
  4. Avoid drinking large amounts of tea/coffee
  5. Women of childbearing age should eat foods high in heme-iron & plant rich foods
18
Q

(T/F) Ferrous iron is best absorbed when the stomach is empty

A

TRUE

19
Q

Daily dose of elemental iron should be what for adults and what for children?

A

Adults: 50-200 mg
Kids: 6mg/kg of body weight for children

20
Q

What is a clinical attribute of B12 deficiency?

A

reversible dementia due to B12 role in fatty acid pathways & myelin synthesis

21
Q

High risk groups for B12 deficiency?

A
  • family hx
  • chron’s
  • autoimmune diseases
  • HIV/AIDs
  • VEGANS
22
Q

Biomarkers for folate deficiency?

A

elevated homocysteine, normal methylmalonic acid

23
Q

Which disease is common in African & Mediterranean descents and are already at risk for malnutrition?

A

sickle cell

24
Q

Meal plan for SCD pt?

A

high protein/high calorie

25
Q

what is a critical factor in nutrition in HIV pts?

A

nutrition-focused physical exam

26
Q

Nutritional prevention for cancer?

A

Eat foods of plant-based origin

27
Q

Define allogenic:

A

collected from related or matched unrelated donor

- most intense oncology tx

28
Q

(T/F) Need increased energy and protein needs for stem cell transplant nutritional car e

A

TRUE

29
Q

Therapeutic concept of a low microbial diets?

A

avoid ingestion of microbial agents from foodborne pathogens during tx in HSCT or chemo

30
Q

What should you avoid in low microbial diet?

A

avoid raw meat, salad bars & buffets, avoid mold-ripened and blue-veined cheeses

31
Q

High risk groups for malnutrition include:

A
  • those w/ elevated needs for growth and anabolism
  • impaired ability to consume adequate amounts
  • conditions which alter normal patterns of nutrient utilization

Heme/Lymph Block (4 decks)

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