Pharm Ch. 1, 4, 5, 33, 34 Flashcards
A patient has a new medication prescription and the nurse is providing education about the drug. Which statement made by the patient would indicate the need for further medication education?
a. “I can consult my healthcare provider if I experience adverse effects.”
b. “If I take more, I’ll have a better response.”
c. “Taking this drug with food will decrease how much drug gets into my system.”
d. “The liquid form of the drug will absorb faster than the tablets.”
b. “If I take more, I’ll have a better response.”
A combination of two different antihypertensive drugs in lower doses has been ordered for a patient whose hypertension has not been controlled by standard doses of either drug alone. The nursing student recognizes the interaction between these two drugs is known as what term?
a. addition
b. synergism
c. antagonism
d. displacement
b. synergism
A patient with cirrhosis of the liver has hepatic impairment. This will require what possible changes? (SATA)
a. a reduction in the dosage of the drugs
b. a change in the timing of medication admin
c. an increased dose of prescribed drugs
d. giving all prescribed drugs by IM injection
e. more frequent monitoring for adverse drug effects
a. a reduction in the dosage of the drugs
b. a change in the timing of medication admin
e. more frequent monitoring for adverse drug effects
The patient requires a drug that is known to be completely metabolized by the first-pass effect. What change will be needed when this drug is administered?
a. the drug must be given more frequently
b. the drug must be given in a higher dose
c. the drug must be given in a lipid-soluble form
d. the drug must be given by a non-oral route, such as parenterally
d. the drug must be given by a non-oral route, such as parenterally
A patient who has acute kidney injury (AKI) may have diminished capacity to excrete medications. The nurse must assess the patient more frequently for what development?
a. increased risk of allergy
b. decreased therapeutic drug effects
c. increased risk for drug toxicity
d. increased absorption of the drug from the intestines
c. increased risk for drug toxicity
What is the rationale for the administration of a loading dose of a drug?
a. it decreases the number of doses that must be given
b. it results in lower dosages being required to achieve therapeutic effect
c. it decreases the risk of drug toxicity
d. it more rapidly builds plasma drug levels to a plateau level
d. it more rapidly builds plasma drug levels to a plateau level
A patient experiences profound drowsiness when a stimulant drug is given. This is an unusual reaction fo this drug, a reaction that has not been associated with this type of drug. What is the term for this type of drug reaction?
a. allergic reaction
b. idiosyncratic reaction
c. enzyme-specific reaction
d. unaltered reaction
b. idiosyncratic reaction
The provider has ordered atropine, a drug that will prevent the patient’s own chemical, acetylcholine, from causing parasympathetic effects. What type of drug would atropine be considered?
a. antagonist
b. partial agonist
c. agonist
d. protagonist
a. antagonist
A nursing student reads in a pharmacology textbook that 10mg of morphine is considered to provide the same pain relief as 200mg of codeine. This indicates that the morphine would be considered more _____ than codeine.
potent
What is the term used to describe the magnitude of maximal response that can be produced from a particular drug?
a. efficacy
b. toxicity
c. potency
d. comparability
a. efficacy
The nurse looks up butorphanol (Stadol) in a drug reference guide prior to administering the drug and notes that it is a partial agonist. What does this term tell the nurse about the drug?
a. it is a drug that produces the same type of response as the endogenous substance
b. it is a drug that will occupy a receptor and precent the endogenous chemical from acting
c. it is a drug that causes unpredictable and unexplained drug reactions
d. it is a drug that produces a weaker, or less efficacious, response than an agonist drug
d. it is a drug that produces a weaker, or less efficacious, response than an agonist drug
The nurse reads that the drug to be given to the patient has a “narrow therapeutic index.” The nurse knows that this means that the drug has what properties?
a. it has a narrow range of effectiveness and may not given this patient the desired therapeutic results
b. it has a narrow safety margin and even a small increase in dose may produce adverse or toxic effects
c. it has a narrow range of conditions or diseases that the drug will be expected to treat successfully
d. it has a narrow segment of the population for whom the drug will work as desired
b. it has a narrow safety margin and even a small increase in dose may produce adverse or toxic effects
A patient with a history of hypertension is to start drug therapy for rheumatoid arthritis. Which drugs would be contraindicated, or used cautiously, for this patient? (SATA)
a. aspirin
b. ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)
c. acetaminophen (Tylenol)
d. naproxen (Aleve)
e. methylprednisolone (Medrol)
b. ibuprofen (Advil, Motril)
d. naproxen (Aleve)
e. methylprednisolone (Medrol)
The patient has been taking aspirin for several days for headache. During the assessment, the nurse discovers that the patient is experiencing ringing in the ears and dizziness. What is the most appropriate action by the nurse?
a. question the patient about history of sinus infections
b. determine whether the patient has mixed the aspirin with other medications
c. tell the patient not to take any more aspirin
d. tell the patient to take the aspirin with food or milk
c. tell the patient not to take any more aspirin
While educating the patient about hydrocortisone (Cortef), the nurse would instruct the patient to contact the healthcare provider immediately if which of the following occurs?
a. there is a decrease of 1kg (2lb) in weight
b. there is an increase in appetite
c. there is tearing of the eyes
d. there is any difficulty breathing
d. there is any difficulty breathing
