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Cardiovascular Medicine > Pharm - Cardiovascular Antibiotics > Flashcards

Pharm - Cardiovascular Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

What is the pathogen of Rheumatic Fever, what is the infection, and what age group most commonly?

A

Group A Strep. Upper respiratory infection (pharyngitis). 5-14 years old.

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2
Q

2 big clinical features of ARF?

A
  1. Heart damage in the form of valve damage (almost always mitral)
  2. Joint pain (knees, ankle, hips and elbows).
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3
Q

What is the empiric treatment for ARF and out of the two which one is really the drug of choice against ARF?

A

Penicillin G and gentamicin. Penicillin G.

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4
Q

What do we give to a patient with ARF if they have an allergy to beta lactams?

A

Give them a macrolide or clindamycin

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5
Q

What do we give for recurrent ARF in a patient allergic to beta lactams and what do we not give and why?

A

Give them a macrolide. We do not give clindamycin for recurrent because of the potential of causing c diff.

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6
Q

What can we give to manage the joint pain?

A

NSAIDS

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7
Q

What is the prototypical lesion of infective endocarditis?

A

Vegetation of the valve

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8
Q

What pathogen, that causes IE, is found in the oral cavity, skin, and upper respiratory tract?

A

Strep viridans. Staph. HÁČEK.

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9
Q

What is the empiric treatment for IE?

A

Vancomycin (IV) and ceftriaxone

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10
Q

If strep viridans is highly suspectible to penicillin G, what two drugs should we use?

A

Penicillin G or ceftriaxone.

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11
Q

What if the viridan infection is uncomplicated, the patient has no renal disease and you want a shorter drug course, what two drugs do we use for IE?

A

Gentamicin plus penicillin G or ceftriaxone

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12
Q

What if the patient has mild beta lactam sensitivity, what drug do we use for Viridan IE?

A

Ceftriaxone

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13
Q

What is preferred for patients with severe hypersentivity to beta lactam for viridan IE? What is the alternate?

A

The preferred drug is penicillin G desensitization. Alternate is vancomycin

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14
Q

How is desensitization carried out?

A

Give a small dose and observe and gradually increase until therapeutic dose is given. Give like a unit and wait. No reaction, increase. Once given 2 million, you can give the rest.

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15
Q

What two drugs to give for staph aureus IE methicillin susceptible?

A

Nafcillin or oxacillin

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16
Q

What if patient has mild beta lactam sensitivity, what do you give for staph aureus IE?

A

Cefazolin

17
Q

What if patient has severe beta lactam hypersensitivity, what do you give for staph aureus IE?

A

Vancomycin or daptomycin

18
Q

What do you give if there is a brain abscess accompanying the staph aureus IE?

A

Nafcillin

19
Q

What to give for methicillin resistant IE staph aureus?

A

Vancomycin or daptomycin as alternate

20
Q

What kind of pathogen does daptomycin take out?

A

Gram positive and MRSA

21
Q

MOA for daptomycin?

A

Binds to cell membrane via calcium dependent insertion, kicks a bunch of potassium out and leads to rapid cell death.

22
Q

What do we use for IE because of staph epidermidis?

A

Vancomycin

23
Q

What do we use for HÁČEK group IE?

A

Ceftriaxone

24
Q

What do we use for Enterococci IE?

A

Pen G or ampicillin or vancomycin and then add the one you choose to gentamicin

25
Q

What two drugs do we use to treat pericarditis?

A

NSAIDS and Colchicine

26
Q

What do we use in severe cases of Pericarditis?

A

Corticosteroids

27
Q

What risk do corticosteroids lead to?

A

Prolong illness or relapse

28
Q

What important lab to order to track/monitor treatment of pericarditis?

A

CRP

29
Q

What is the MOA for colchicine as an anti inflammatory medicine?

A

Prevents tubular polymerization into microtubules which inhibits leukocyte migration and phagocytosis

30
Q

What are the 5 adverse effects of colchicine and what route of administration brings on the adverse effects?

A

Diarrhea, hair loss, bone marrow depression, peripheral neuritis, and myopathy. IV.

Cardiovascular Medicine (25 decks)

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