Pharm- beta lactams Flashcards
Beta-lactams do not work well against mycobacteria, protozoa, fungi and viruses becuase ______
beta-lactams are bactericidal, only work against actively dividing organisms with a cell wall
Penicillin is a i. ________ ring attached to a four-membered _____ ring
Thiazolidine, β-lactam
β-lactam antibiotics are structural analogs of the natural _________ substrate
D-alanyl-D-alanine
Beta-lactams inhibit _______, by binding to ____ thus halting _______ synthesis
transpeptidation reaction, PBPs, peptidoglycan
Penicillins class
Penicillin G, Benzathine, Procaine penicillin G
Extended-Spectrum Penicillins
P-piperacillin
A- amoxicillin
T- ticarcillin
A- ampicilin
Antistaphylococcal penicillins (β-lactamase resistant)
N- nafcillin
O- oxacillin
M- methcillin
Penicillin that is rapidly absorbed orally and is not affected by gastric acid/food absorption
Amoxicillin
Penicillins given IM and are intended to have delayed absorption, longer half life
Benzathine and Procaine
Probenicid
given with beta lactams to decrease the renal tubular secretion of weak acids thus increasing blood levels of beta-lactams
Beta-hemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat) or syphylis, should administer _______ and _______
Penicillin G, procaine penicillin G
Penicillin G is rarely used in _____ since so many of the strains are penicillin resistant
PPG (uncomplicated pneumococcal pneumonia or ghonorrhea)
suitable for mild to moderate localized staphylococcal infections
O- oxacillin
C- cloxacillin
D- dicloxacillin
for serious systemic staphylococcal infections (MSSA)
Nafcillin
Oxacillin
the drugs of choice for penicillin-resistant pneumococci, which is better absorbed orally and which treats listeria monocytogenes
Amoxicillin- better absorbed orally
Ampicillin- for listeria monocytogenes
