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Heme & Lymph > Pharm- Antimitotic & G/M Phase Drugs > Flashcards

Pharm- Antimitotic & G/M Phase Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

antimitotic drugs

A

vinca alkaloids: vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine

Taxanes: taxol (paclitaxel), taxotere (docetaxel)

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2
Q

Vinca alkaloids distinction

A

inhibit tubulin polymerization -> block assembly of microtubules

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3
Q

Taxanes distinction

A

enhance tubulin polymerization -> stabilize microtubules

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4
Q

Vinblastine therapeutic uses

A

testicular cancer (w/ bleomycin & cisplatin), lymphomas, neuroblastoma

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5
Q

Vincristine therapeutic uses

A

ALL (pediatric), lymphoma, neuroblastoma, Wilm’s tumor, Ewings sarcoma

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6
Q

Vinorelbine

A

Advanced NSCL cancer (alone or with cisplatin)

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7
Q

Paclitaxel

A

advanced breast & ovarian (w/ cisplatin)

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8
Q

Docetaxel

A

Advanced breast, ovarian recurrence (taxanes are effective against solid tumors)

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9
Q

Vinblastine dose limiting toxicity

A

BM suppression; vesicant- blisters

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10
Q

Vincrisitine dose limiting toxicity

A

neurotoxicity; peripheral neuropathy; paralytic ileus; vesicant-blisters
-description of motor neuropathy: ex- drooping eyelids

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11
Q

Vinorelbine

A

BM suppression; vesicant blisters

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12
Q

Paclitaxel

A

neutropenia; thrombocytopenia; peripheral neuropathy; severe hypersensitivity during infusion- requires anti-histamine & corticosteroid pretx

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13
Q

Docetaxel

A

neutropenia; peripheral neuropathy

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14
Q

nephrotoxicity from cisplatin

A

hypokalemia -> damage the tubules and waste calcium -> consequence of calcium wasting

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15
Q

topoisomerase inhibitors

A

cause DNA strand breaks

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16
Q

epipodophyllotoxins- TI inhibitors

A

etoposide, teniposide

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17
Q

Camptothecins- TI inhibitors

A

irinotecan (active metabolite SN38), topotecan

18
Q

epipodophyllotoxins distinctions

A

topoisomerase II inhibition -> DNA double strand breaks

19
Q

Camptothecins distinctions

A

Topoisomerase I inhibition -> DNA single strand breaks

20
Q

Etoposide IV, PO therapeutic uses

A

oat cell carcinoma of lung; testicular cancer (w/ cisplatin & bleomycin)

21
Q

Teniposide IV therapeutic uses

A

Efficacy vs glioma & neuroblastoma

22
Q

Irinotecan IV therapeutic uses

A

Metastatic colorectal cancer

23
Q

Topotecan IV therapeutic uses

A

2nd line various - failed prior 1st line

24
Q

Etoposide (CYP450 liver) dose limiting toxicity

A

leukopenia; secondary cancer (leukemia)
-regimen for testicular cancer with typically occurs in younger people who will live for longer periods of time so the DNA damage introduced by the etoposide has a longer time to emerge as a secondary neoplasm

25
Q

Teniposide (CYP450 liver) dose limiting toxicity

A

Leukopenia

26
Q

Irinotecan (Renal clearance) dose limiting toxicity

A 
severe diarrhea (may be life threatening & require tx with loperamide); myelosuppression
-increases survival 4-5 months
27
Q

Topotecan (renal clearance) dose limiting toxicity

A

neutropenia; mucositis

28
Q

DNA intercalation & oxidative scission drugs

A

cause DNA strand breaks

-Antibiotics, Anthracyclines

29
Q

Antibiotics

A

bleomycin, dactinomycin

30
Q

anthracyclines

-flat shape. they start to resemble a base pair and get physically inserted into the DNA

A

doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin, mitoxantrone

31
Q

Bleomycin distinctions

A

Fe2+/3+ mediated free radical generation -> DNA strand breaks
-used in the regimen of testicular cancer

32
Q

dactinomycin distinctions

A

DNA intercalating agents

33
Q

doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin distinctions

A
  • inhibit topoisomerase II
  • DNA intercalating agents
  • Free radical generation -> DNA strand breaks
34
Q

Mitoxantrone distinctions

A

inhibit topoisomerase II

35
Q

Bleomycin (SQ, IM, IV, Renal clearance) therapeutic uses

A

testicular cancer (w/ vinblastine, cisplatin or etoposide)

36
Q

Doxorubicin, Epirubicin therapeutic uses

A

wide spectrum- breast, ovarian, lung, thyroid, lymphoma, sarcoma

37
Q

Daunorubicin therapeutic uses

A

Leukemia (AML, ALL)

38
Q

Idarubicin (IV-vesicant biliary excretion) therapeutic uses

A

Leukemia (AML, ALL, CML in blast crisis)

39
Q

Mitoxantrone (IV) therapeutic uses

A

Breast, prostate, NHL

40
Q

Bleomycin dose limiting toxicity

A

pulmonary fibrosis- “bleomycin lung”

  • 5-10% of pts develop lung toxicity. Cumulative dose-related toxicity. Lung fxn improves with recovery, but fibrosis remains.
  • lung doesnt have metabolic capacity to breakdown the bleomycin -> lung is overexposed
41
Q

doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin, idarubicin dose limiting toxicity

A

Cardiotoxicity, dilated cardiomyopathy, CHF occurs over time- cumulative dose-related toxicity; myelosuppression; mucositis

Heme & Lymph (8 decks)

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