Pharm- Antihypertensive

Question 1

Beta blockers- Indications

Answer 1

Young, white hypertensives, previous MI, angina, HF,

Question 2

Beta blockers- MOA

Answer 2

Decrease CO, inhibit renin secretion

Question 3

Beta blockers- AE

Answer 3

Hypotension, bradycardia, fatigue, insomnia, sexual dysfunction

Question 4

Beta blockers- Contraindications

Answer 4

Asthma, recent heart failure, DM,

Question 5

Beta blockers- Names

Answer 5

Metroprolol, atenolol, propranolol

Question 6

Alpha blockers- names

Answer 6

doxazosin, prazosin, terazosin

Question 7

Alpha blockers- MOA

Answer 7

Block a1 receptors, decresing peripheral vascular resistance- relaxation of venous & arterial smooth muscle

Question 8

Alpha blockers- Indications

Answer 8

Occasionally used in combination with diuretics, beta blockers.

Question 9

Alpha blockers- AE

Answer 9

Tachycardia, syncope, postural hypotension,

Question 10

Central alpha agonists- Names

Answer 10

Clonidine, methyldopa

Question 11

Central alpha agonists- Indications

Answer 11

Hypertension w/ renal disease

Question 12

Central alpha agonists- MOA

Answer 12

a2 agonist- diminished adrenergic outflow of norepi & reduced neural firing- reduced peripheral resistance

Question 13

Central alpha agonists- AE

Answer 13

Sedation, dry mouth, constipation.

Rebound HTN

Question 14

Direct vasodilators- Names

Answer 14

Hydralazine, menoxadil

Question 15

Direct vasodilators- Indications

Answer 15

Pregnancy, otherwise an add on medication

Question 16

Direct vasodilators- MOA

Answer 16

Act directly on vascular smooth muscle to vasodilator, reduce peripheral vascular resistance- potassium channels

Question 17

Direct vasodilators- AE

Answer 17

Fluid retention, tachicardia, lupus like response

Question 18

ACEI- Names

Answer 18

lisinopril, captopril, benazepril

Question 19

ACEI- Indications

Answer 19

DM, heart failure, CKD, CAD

Question 20

ACEI- MOA

Answer 20

Inhibit conversion on angiotension 1 to II- decrease sodium & water retention, sympathetic NS output, increase vasodilation and bradykinin

Question 21

ACEI- AE

Answer 21

Cough, rash, fever, metalic taste, hyperkalemia, angioedema

Question 22

ARB- Names

Answer 22

Losartan, valsartan

Question 23

ARB- Indications

Answer 23

Side effects of ACEI undesirable

Question 24

ARB- MOA

Answer 24

Block activation of AT1 by angiotensin II- vasodilation of vasc. smooth muscle, decreased renin production

Question 25

ARB- AE

Answer 25

Decreased cough, angioedema, fetotoxic

Question 26

Calcium channel blockers- Names

Answer 26

diltiazem, verapamil, amlodipine, nifedipine

Question 27

Calcium channel blockers- Indications

Answer 27

Pregnancy, effective in black patients, elderly- no fluid retention

Question 28

Calcium channel blockers- MOA

Answer 28

Inhibit inward movement of Ca+ into cardiac muscle

Question 29

Calcium channel blockers- AE

Answer 29

peripheral edema, HA, flushing, dizziness

Question 30

Calcium channel blockers- Contraindications

Answer 30

Unstable angina, HF, hypotension, aortic stenosis

Question 31

Thiazide diuretics- Names

Answer 31

hydrocholorothiazide, chlorthalidone

Question 32

Thiazide diuretics- Indications

Answer 32

First line tx for black, elderly population

Question 33

Thiazide diuretics- MOA

Answer 33

outflow of NA+ and net loss of water- reduction in peripheral resistance

Question 34

Thiazide diuretics- AE

Answer 34

Hypokalemia, hyperuricemia (gout), hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia