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Endo/Repro > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

absolutely contraindicated in T1DM pt

A

beta blocker

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2
Q

overdose on beta blocker can be treated with what endocrine agent

A

glucagon

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3
Q

only IV formulation to give a patient with hyperglycemia (short acting)

A

regular insulin

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4
Q

fast acting insulin formulations

A

aspart, lispro, glulisine

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5
Q

long acting insulin (taken at bedtime)

A

detemir, glargine

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6
Q

this drug causes GI upset and acts as amylin analog (makes you feel full, prolong gastric emptying, increase insulin sensitivity)

A

pramlitine

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7
Q

GLP1 agonist that increases insulin release (GI upset, pancreatitis, thyroid cancer)

A

TIDE drugs (eventide, liraglutide)

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8
Q

DPP4 inhibitors which increase the effects of GLP1 aka increase insulin release (URI, pancreatitis)

A

GLIPTIN drugs (sita, lina, sax a, alo)

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9
Q

K channel blockers / insulin secretagogue drugs (wt gain, alcohol flushing, cyp inhibitors)

A

AMIDE and others (glipizide, glyburide, glymeperide, natelinide, repaglinide)

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10
Q

first line T2DM drug, activates AMP kinase decreasing gluconeogenesis and helping insulin function

A

metformin

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11
Q

metformin side effects

A

Gi upset, decreased B12 absorbtion, lactic acidosis

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12
Q

PPARgamma ligand increasing GLUT4 expression on muscle and fat cells

A

GLITAZONE drugs (pio, rosa)

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13
Q

side effects of GLITAZONE drugs

A

edema, wt gain, exacerbate CHF, osteoporosis

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14
Q

diabetic drugs that cause wt gain

A

k channel blockers (glipizide, glyburide, glymeperide, nateglinide, repaglinide) PPARgama inh (pioglitazone, rosaglitazone)

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15
Q

diabetic drugs that cause wt loss

A

conagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin AGLIFLOZIN

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16
Q

SGLT2 inhibitors decreasing kidney reabsorption of glucose causing wt loss and hypovolemia

A

AGLIFLOZIN drugs

17
Q

insulin sparing drug that decreases postprandial glucose absorption by inhibiting alpha glycosylase (AE flatulence)

A

acarbose, miglitol

18
Q

drugs that open K channel to decrease insulin and increase glucose during a hypoglycemic emergency

A

diazoxide, glucagon

19
Q

drug used as a mineral corticoid replacement

A

fludrocortisone

20
Q

glucocorticoids short acting

A

prednisone, methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone

21
Q

glucocorticoids intermediate acting

A

triamcinolone

22
Q

glucocorticoids long acting

A

betametasone, dexametasone

23
Q

which glucocorticoid drugs have some mineral corticoid action

A

short acting (prednisone, methylprednisolone, hydrocortisone)

24
Q

how do steroid hormones move through blood

A

attached to carriers (albumin, transcortin-low in cirrhosis)

25
Q

cortisone is not reactive at a mineral corticoid receptor, but 11 beta HSD2 can convert it to ___ which can bind there

A

cortisol

26
Q

11 beta HSD2 inhibitors (cause HTN by activating MR)

A

clycyrrhizin (licorice root) or carbenoxolone

27
Q

mutations in 11 beta HSD2 cause what condition leading to juvenile HTN (auto recessive, low renin low aldosterone high BP due to cortisol)

A

apparent mineralcorticoid excess (AME)

28
Q

whats tx for AME

A

eplerenone (MR antagonist) and dexamethosone (no MR activation, decrease cortisol production)

29
Q

aldosterone antagonists (used in CHF and HTN)

A

eplerenone, spironolactone

30
Q

which steroid drugs are anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, anti growth, cause hyperglycemia

A

glucocorticoids

31
Q

hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone are used in combination for what condition

A

adrenal insufficiency (addisons) or hyperplasia

32
Q

drug that reduces all steroid hormones synthesis in adrenocortical cancer

A

aminoglutethimide

33
Q

drug for cushing syndrome that inhibits the 11 enzyme can be used in pregnant women

A

metyrapone

34
Q

anti corticosteroid drug used in adrenal carcinoma

A

mitotane

35
Q

glucocorticoid receptor antagonist used in cushing syndrome

A

mifepristone

Endo/Repro (3 decks)

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