Pharm

Question 1

Low Molecular Weight Drugts

Answer 1

<100, can get more places, have less specific actions

Question 2

High Molecular Weight Drugs

Answer 2

> 1000, are often poorly absorbed and distributed

Question 3

Water Solubility

Answer 3

Function of electrostatic charge of the molecules

Question 4

Lipid Solubility

Answer 4

Inversely proportional to the charge

Question 5

First Order Elimination

Answer 5

Constant T1/2, 50% decrement per time interval

Question 6

Zero Order Elimination

Answer 6

Constant elimination (alcohol)

Question 7

ED95

Answer 7

The concentration of drug needed to obtain 95% of maximal effect

Question 8

Anesthesia Induction & ED 95

Answer 8

Give 2-3 times ED95 to achieve rapid onset & know it will take a given length of time for effects to wear off

Question 9

Volume of Distribution

Answer 9

Units of drug in body/ units of drug in plasma. (Low means most of the drug is in the plasma and very little has moved elsewhere, high means drug moves throughout the body)

Question 10

Clearance

Answer 10

Rate of Elimination / plasma drug concentration.

Question 11

Phase I Reactions

Answer 11

Converts parent drug to more polar (water soluble) - P450 Dependent, Independent, Hydrolyses, Reduction

Question 12

Phase I P450 Dependent Reactions

Answer 12

Hydroxylation, deakylation, oxidation, deamination

Question 13

Phase I P450 Independent Reactions

Answer 13

Amine oxidation, dehydrogenation

Question 14

Phase I Hydrolyses

Answer 14

Esters, Amides

Question 15

Phase II Reactions

Answer 15

Conjugate drug with polar moeity to make it more water soluble - Glucuronidation, acetylation, glutathione & glycine conjugation, sulfation, methylation

Question 16

CYP Inducers

Answer 16

Phenobarbital, Dilantin, Rifampin, Carbamazepine, Ethanol, Barbiturates, St. John’s Wort

Question 17

CYP Inhibitors

Answer 17

Cimetidine, grapefruit juice, amiodarone, metronidazole, omeprazole, SSRIs, diltiazem, erythromycin

Question 18

General Anesthesia Components

Answer 18

Anxiolysis, analgesia, hypnosis, sometimes paralysis

Question 19

Anxiolytics

Answer 19

Isopropyphenol: Propofol, Barbiturates: NaPentothal, Methohexital, Thiamylal, Carboxylated Imadazole: Etomidate, Phencyclidine: Ketamine, Benzodiazepines: Diazepam, Midazolam, Lorazepam, Opioids

Question 20

Analgesics

Answer 20

Morphine, Meperidine, Fentanyl, Alfentanyl, Sufentanil, Remifentanil

Question 21

Amnestics

Answer 21

Midazolam, Diazepam, Lorazepam

Question 22

Hypnotics

Answer 22

Sodium Thiopental, Sodium Brevital, Propofol, Etomidate

Question 23

Paralytics

Answer 23

Succinylcholine, Mivacurium, Rocuronium, Cisatracurium, Vecuronium, Pancuronium, Curare

Question 24

Monitored Anesthesia Care

Answer 24

Not unconscious, spontaneously breathing, no oral airway