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Pharm 4 > Pharm 3 > Flashcards

Pharm 3 Flashcards

1
Q

(T/F) The drug molecules in local anesthetic “act” by binding irreversibly with certain parts of the nerve’s conducting membrane.

A

False

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2
Q

(T/F) Balanced anesthesia is the process of using a combination of drugs to keep adverse reactions to a minimum.

A

True

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3
Q

(T/F) Sedatives and analgesics are interchangeable in uses and actions/effects

A

False

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4
Q

(T/F) Injected local anesthetics eventually enter the blood stream (after being in the tissue) unchanged.

A

True

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5
Q

(T/F) Nitrous oxide is acceptable for use on children

A

True

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6
Q

As a patient’s anxiety level increases, their pain tolerance

A

Decreases

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7
Q

which of the following is true regarding local anesthetics?

A

are the most widely administered drug in dentistry

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8
Q

There are several ways to relieve or reduce anxiety in the dental office. which of the following would be the least desirable choice?

A

Anti-anxiety drugs

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9
Q

when local anesthetic gets into the body’s system and cause systemic effects, these effects are considered:

A

adverse effects

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10
Q

the local anesthetic in a dental cartridge has been modified from the “natural form”. One of the items that has been altered is the pH. What is the usual pH of the local anesthetic in a dental cartridge?

A

Less than 7.0

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11
Q

Which of the following concentration of epinephrine would be the most appropriate for a cardiac patient who needs to have epinephrine in the local anesthetic?

A

1:200,000

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12
Q

In the “membrane expansion theory” of nerve impulse transmission, what rushes into the nerve when the membrane of the nerve becomes more permeable?

A

positive ions (sodium ions)

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13
Q

Which of the following was the first local anesthetic discovered?

A

Cocaine

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14
Q

in Local anesthetic, what type of drug molecules act on the nerve receptor sites?

A

Unmetabolized

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15
Q

local anesthetic is usually injected:

A

as close to the nerve as possible

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16
Q

which of the following belongs to the newer, more widely used local anesthetic group?

A

lidocaine (Xylocaine, Octocaine)

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17
Q

Which type of local anesthetic is metabolized in the liver?

A

Amides

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18
Q

Diazepam (Valium) belongs to which group of drugs?

A

benzodiazepines

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19
Q

which of the following drugs or drug groups is most commonly prescribed for treating anxiety in the present day?

A

benzodiazepines

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20
Q

Which of the following drugs or drug group is the safest to use when treating anxiety

A

benzodiazepines

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21
Q

which of the following are the two methods of administering general anesthetics?

A

I.V. & inhalation

22
Q

Nitrous oxide can pose a hazard to office personnel (male or female) who are pregnant or trying to become pregnant. (T/F)

A

True

23
Q

These characteristics: capable of producing a reversible loss of consciousness, insensibility to pain, respiratory depression, blood pressure fluctuations- best describe which of the following types of drugs?

A

general anesthetics

24
Q

an example of a drug used in dentistry that is introduced into the body via the inhalation method would be

A

N2O

25
Q

Sedation ____________________ take the place of pain medications

A

Can not

26
Q

which of the following would NOT be a method of use for local anesthetic?

A

inhalation with a nose cone

27
Q

There are two major types of local anesthetics- esters and amides. There are chemically

A

Somewhat similar

28
Q

Allergic reactions to local anesthetics do happen. They are:

A

Not common

29
Q

local anesthetic side effects and toxic effects occur when the local anesthetic gets into the bloodstream too quickly. what is the main effect when this happens?

A

CNS stimulation (first) then depression, CVS depression

30
Q

what is the typical concentration of epinephrine found in local anesthetic solutions?

A

1:50,000

31
Q

Which of the following components of a local anesthetic solution has been known to cause asthma attacks in susceptible individuals?

A

The vasoconstrictor

32
Q

Flagg and Guedal are noted for what is regards to general anesthesia?

A

describing the different levels or stages of general anesthesia

33
Q

Nitrous oxide is often used alone in the dental office for:

A

anxiety relief (sedation)

34
Q

Which of the following would many over-the-counter remedies for oral lesions (including teeth pain) contain as a local anesthetic?

A

Benzocaine

35
Q

the “major” tranquilizers are used in the treatment of:

A

mental disturbance, psychotic individuals

36
Q

When are vitamins considered to the drugs?

A

when the vitamin is taken in high doses

37
Q

which of the following is considered the most abused vitamin?

A

Vitamin c

38
Q

which of the following is NOT considered a “B” vitamin?

A

cholecalciferol

39
Q

Phenytoin can induce a deficiency in which of the following vitamins?

A

Vitamin D

40
Q

Nystatin is good choice to treat oral candidiasis infections because it

A

is available in so many forms, some without sugar

41
Q

the down side to many preparations used to treat oral candidiasis is:

A

many contain sugar

42
Q

Alveolar osteitis is

A

A “dry” socket

43
Q

Intraoral lichen planus can be difficult to eliminate. The important thing while treating it is to:

A

make sure that the medication is held against the lesion

44
Q

Minor recurrent pathos stomatitis result in very painful lesions on the oral mucosa. How are they usually treated?

A

they are not treated, try having the patient avoid oral care products that contain sodium lauryl sulfate

45
Q

when are antibiotics used to treat pericoronitis?

A

when the patient is debilitated (run down, sort of like immunocompromised)

46
Q

Which of the following would NOT cause gingival enlargement?

A

spironolactone

47
Q

which of the following would be most likely to cause an intrinsic staining of the teeth?

A

a member to the tetracycline family

48
Q

palliative means:

A

treating (or relieving) the symptoms curing disease

49
Q

many drugs can cause xerostomia. When a drug causes an increase in salivary flow it is called:

A

sialorrhea

50
Q

Some drugs may cause lesions to appear in the oral cavity. These lesions:

A

will disappear when the drug is discontinued and re-appear if the drug is started again.

Pharm 4 (4 decks)

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