Pharm 1 Flashcards
When it comes to writing prescriptions, the dental hygienist may:
fill in the patient’s name, address, age, and even the prescription itself before handing the
prescription to the DDS to check it and sign it
In order to have a “toxic effect” of a drug, you must have:
too much drug administered (for that patient)
The body uses three ways to pass signals or alter functions. Which is the slowest method?
Hormones
There are many disadvantages to using the oral route to administer drugs (T/F)
True
An idiosyncratic reaction to a drug would be one that:
is genetically related (not like the side effects or allergic reactions)
Which of the following defines “therapeutic dose” or “effective dose” (ED)?
the dose that produces the clinically desired effect(s)
Once a drug enters the body, absorption can take place. Absorption is:
the process by which the drug molecules are transferred from the site of administration to the circulating fluids
What is the most often used method for administering drugs?
Orally
What two factors will influence the rate of absorption of a drug from an injection site?
solubility of the drug and rate of blood flow
A drug’s “half life” refers to:
the amount of time that passes until the drug is at half it’s original blood level
When describing or defining the term “side effects”, a key thought is:
the side effects will be seen at the normal dose of a drug
Once a drug has been distributed, a pharmacological effect can take place. The drug can then:
Modify an existing function
There are three basic ways in which a drug molecule may move across or through a cell membrane. Which way would be used to move a drug against a concentration or gradient? (that is, there is more drug molecules inside the cell than outside the cell)
Active transport
How does a placebo work?
by using the person’s psychological perceptions
which of the following is the best definition of the term “drug”?
any chemical substance that effects the biological processes of the living cell/body
A drug needs to be diffused out of the blood stream in order to do its “work”. The “work” is most easily accomplished by the drug bound to the albumin and globumin proteins in the blood plasma. (T/F)
False
A drug’s ability to cross a cell membrane is dependent on the size and shape of the drug molecule, the valance of the drug molecule, and whether the drug is lipid soluble or water soluble. (T/F)
True
Any drug given to the patient in the office or sent home with the patient, _____________ recorded in the patient’s chart.
Must be
What is the best way to tell the difference between a generic name and a trade name for a drug?
The first letter of a trade name is always capitalized
Drug metabolism or biotransformation is the process of:
the drug being broken down into end products
How do drugs cross the placenta?
Passive transfer
Tolerance to a drug refers to:
the need for an increasingly larger dose
Which type of drug will cross the blood brain barrier the best?
highly lipid soluble, non-ionized
Topical anesthetic works very quickly to anesthetize nonkeratinized oral mucosa. Topical anesthetic will also penetrate skin, but it takes much longer to achieve results (numbness). (T/F)
True
