Pharm 2 Flashcards
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Most drugs that undergo step 1 metabolism are deactivated by creation of a more soluble, less active compound. What are two notable exceptions where action of P450 activates a drug?
Codeine—>morphine
Hydocodone–>hydromorphone
Most drugs that undergo step 1 metabolism are deactivated by creation of a more soluble, less active compound. What is one notable exception where action of P450 creates a toxic metabolite?
acetaminophen—>N-Acetyl-benzoquinoneimine (hepatotoxic)
Most drugs that undergo step 1 metabolism are deactivated by creation of a more soluble, less active compound. What are three notable exceptions where action of P450 activates a prodrug?
Omeprazole a sulfenamide
Enalapril Enalaprilat
Valacyclovir Acyclovir
1 oz (weight)
28.35 grams (often see 30 grams used)
1 drop
0.05 ml
1t
5ml
1T
15mL
1oz (volume)
29.56 ml (often see 30 ml used) 30 mL
LD
loading dose
MD
maintenance dose
F
bioavailability. Used to convert from oral to IV and vice-versa
Vd
Volume of distribution. Used to convert dosage to plasma concentration.
Half-life [t1/2] allows quick rule-of-thumb estimates of:
1) Time for elimination of drug from plasma (4-5 half-lives)2) Time to reach steady state plasma drug levels following multiple doses (4-5 half-lives) 3) Fluctuations in plasma levels between doses (number of half-lives in dosing interval)
Rate of absorption is _____ from bioavailability.
independent
