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USMLE/ Step ONE > Pharm > Flashcards

Pharm Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
0
Q

Atropine and pralidoxime are antidotes for what?

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors and organophosphates

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1
Q

Antidote for Amphetamines ?

A

NH4Cl, acid files urine

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2
Q

Antidote for antimuscarinic and anticholinergic agents

A

Physostigmine salicylate, controls hyperthermia

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3
Q

Antidote for beta-blockers? What is beta blocker used as antidote for?

A

Beta blocker toxicity: Glucagon

Beta blockers used as antidote for Theophylline

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4
Q

Overdose on digitalis. What can you take?

A

Tx w/ KLAM

Normalize K+, Lidocaine, Anti-dig Fab fragments, Mg

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5
Q

Iron overload, use..

A

Deferoxamine, deferasirox

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6
Q

Lead toxicity treatment?

A

CaEDTA, dimercaprol, succimer, pencillamine

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7
Q

Antidote use of penicillamine used for?

A

Toxicity by Copper, arsenic, gold, and Lead

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8
Q

Amino parodic acid used to treat what toxicity?

A

Streptokinase, urokinase, and tPA

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9
Q

Heparin overdose. Give?

A

Protamine

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10
Q

Mercury toxicity antidote. What else is Antidote used for?

A

Antidote: dimercaprol (BAL), succimer

Also used for arsenic and gold toxicity

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11
Q

Cyanide toxicity Tx

A

Nitrite & thiosulfate, hydroxycobalamin

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12
Q

Methemoglobin toxicity antidote

A

Methylene blue, Vit. C

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13
Q

Give patient 100% O2 or hyperbaric O2 for what toxicity

A

Carbon monoxide

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14
Q

Methanol toxicity antidote?

A

Dialysis, fomepizole > EtOH

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15
Q

Dumbass kid drinks anti-freeze. You tell parents, “you two are retarded. We can take of this and give your dumbass kid —- for antidote?” What do you give?

A

Dialysis, fomepizole > EtOH

16
Q

Naloxone and naltrexone are antidotes for?

Explain Naloxone effects

A

Opioids

Naloxone effect: reverses analgesia, sedation, hypotension. Respiratory depression. Works in minutes!

17
Q

Benzodiazepine overdose. Give?

A

Flumazenil

18
Q

TCAs overdose. Antidote?

A

NaHCO3 (plasma alkalinization)

20
Q

Tx for Narcolepsy

A

Daytime stimulants (amphetamine, modafinil)

Nighttime Sodium (GHB)

21
Q

Tx for Cystathione synthase deficiency

A

Decrease Methionine

Increase Cysteine, B12, & folate (diet)

22
Q

Tx for Type II, Crigler Najjar syndrome

A

Phenobarbital, which increases liver enzymes

23
Q

Wilson’s disease Tx?

A

Penicillamine

24
Q

Hemochromatosis Tx?

A

repeated phlebotomy
Deferasirox
Deferoxamine

25
Q

What inhibits thymidine synthase? Effect?

A

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU)

The enzyme causes uracil to become thymidine (dUMP–> dTMP). Lack of dTMP (needed for DNA replication) leads to death of cancer cells.

USMLE/ Step ONE (11 decks)

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