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GINME > Pharm 1 > Flashcards

Pharm 1 Flashcards

1
Q

H. pylori eradication plan

A

Omeprazole 20 mg BID +
Clarithromycin 500 mg BID +
Amoxicillin 1000 mg BID
X 14 days

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2
Q

Amoxicillin adverse reactions

A 
Anaphylaxis
SJS and erythema multiforme
C. diff diarrhea
N/V/D
candidiasis
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3
Q

Clarithromycin adverse reactions

A 
C. diff diarrhea
hepatotoxicity
QT prolongation
SJS
NVD
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4
Q

Omeprazole adverse reactions

A 
SJS
pancreatitis
fractures
hypomagnesemia (long term)
HA
NVD
B12 deficiency (long term)
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5
Q

omeprazole category

A

PPI

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6
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate indications

A

diarrhea

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7
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate special consideration

A

Black poops

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8
Q

Bismuth subsalicylate adverse reactions

A 
Reye syndrome
Black poops
black tongue
constipation
tinnitus
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9
Q

Chlorpromazine indications

A

antipsychotic
N/V
Intractable hiccups

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10
Q

Chlorpromazine adverse reactions

A 
tardive dyskinesia
leukopenia
drowsiness
xerostomia
constipation
sexual dysfunction
weight gain
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11
Q

Chlorpromazine MOA

A

D2 antagonist

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12
Q

Cimetidine indications

A

Duodenal ulcer

Gerd

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13
Q

Cimetidine mechanism

A

H2 blocker

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14
Q

Cimetidine adverse reactions

A 
agranulocytosis
headache
dizziness
diarrhea
gynecomastia
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15
Q

Clonidine indications

A

HTN
Cancer-related pain
antidiarrheal

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16
Q

Clonidine adverse reactions

A 
severe hypotension
syncope
AV block
somnolence
headache
nausea
constipation
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17
Q

clonidine MOA

A

Alpha 2 agonist

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18
Q

Diphenoxylate indications

A

antidiarrheal

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19
Q

Diphenoxylate adverse reactions

A

N/V
anorexia
confusion

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20
Q

Diphenoxylate MOA

A

binds opioid receptors

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21
Q

Loperamide indications

A

antidiarrheal

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22
Q

loperamide adverse reactions

A 
constipation
toxic megacolon
nausea
cramps
drowsiness
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23
Q

loperamide MOA

A

binds gut opiod receptors, increases anal sphincter tone

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24
Q

metoclopramide indications

A

chemo-related NV

gastroparesis

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25
Q

metoclopramide adverse reactions

A 
extrapyramidal sx
drowsiness
restlessness
fatigue
anxiety
diarrhea
nausea?
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26
Q

misoprostol indications

A

GI ulcer prevention
chronic constipation
cervical ripening
early pregnancy termination with mifepristone

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27
Q

misoprostol adverse reactions

A 
miscarriage
diarrhea
teratogenic
nausea
flatulence
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28
Q

misoprostol MOA

A

inhibits gastric acid secretion, prostaglandin analog

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29
Q

metoclopramide moa

A

antagonizes dopamine receptors, promotes ACH in gi tract

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30
Q

neostigmine MOA

A

Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (promotes GI motility?)

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31
Q

octreotide indications

A

Secretory diarrhea

esophageal varices

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32
Q

octreotide adverse reactions

A

cholecystitis
diarrhea
flatulence

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33
Q

octreotide moa

A

inhibits GH, glucagon, insulin, LH, and VIP

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34
Q

omeprazole indications

A

GERD
Ulcers
H. pylori

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35
Q

omeprazole adverse reactions

A 
anaphylaxis
sjs
headache
abd pain
nvd
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36
Q

ondansetron indications

A

chemo-related nv

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37
Q

ondansetron adverse reactions

A 
sjs
extrapyramidals
headache
constipation
fatigue
dizziness
agitation
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38
Q

promethazine indications

A

nv

sedation

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39
Q

ondansetron moa

A

antagonizes serotonin receptors

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40
Q

promethazine adverse reactions

A 
tissue damage
extrapyramidal sx
drowsiness
confusion
xerostomia
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41
Q

promethazine moa

A

antagonizes H1 receptors

anticholinergic

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42
Q

ranitidine indications

A

GERD

ulcers

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43
Q

ranitidine adverse reactions

A 
headache
diarrhea
constipation
xerostomia
nv
b12 deficiency
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44
Q

ranitidine moa

A

h2 antagonist

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45
Q

scopolamine indications

A

nv

vertigo

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46
Q

scopolamine moa

A

muscarine receptor antagonist

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47
Q

sucralfate indications

A

duodenal ulcer

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48
Q

sucralfate adverse reactions

A

anaphylaxis
bezoars
constipation

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49
Q

sucralfate moa

A

topical protection of ulcer site

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50
Q

alendronate indications

A

osteoporosis

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51
Q

alendronate special consideration

A

wait 30 minutes before lying down

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52
Q

alendronate moa

A

inhibits osteoclasts

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53
Q

lantus indications

A

DM1,

DM2

54
Q

lantus adverse reactions

A

hypoglycemia

weight gain

55
Q

lantus MOA

A

stimulates glucose uptake, inhibits gluconeogenisis

56
Q

bisacodyl indications

A

constipation

bowel prep

57
Q

bisacodyl adverse reactions

A

electrolyte imbalance

nvd

58
Q

bisacodyl moa

A

increases peristalsis

59
Q

depo-provera indications

A

contraception

60
Q

depo-provera concerns

A 
thrombus
osteoporosis
menstrual irregularity
weight gain
decreased libido
61
Q

Depo-provera moa

A

inhibits pituitary gonadotropin release, transforms proliferative into secretory endometrium, prevents ovulation

62
Q

depo-testosterone indications

A

hypogonadism

63
Q

depo-testosterone adverse reaction

A 
prostate ca
priapism
mi risk
acne
hirsutism
male pattern baldness
64
Q

docusate indications

A

stool softener

65
Q

docusate adverse reactions

A

diarrhea
cramps
bitter taste

66
Q

doxylamine indications

A

1g antihistamine

67
Q

nexplanon indications

A

contraception

68
Q

nexplanon adverse reactions

A

thrombus
headache
vaginitis
menstrual irregularity

69
Q

nexplanon moa

A

inhibits pituitary gonadotropin, ovulation, alters cervical mucus and endometrium

70
Q

finasteride indications

A

BPH, male pattern baldness

71
Q

finasteride adverse reactions

A 
prostate ca
infertility
teratogenic
impotence
decreased libido
orthostatic hypotension
abnormal ejaculation
gynecomastia
72
Q

finasteride moa

A

5AR inhibitor (interferes with conversion of Testosterone to 5-dht

73
Q

glipizide indications

A

DM2

74
Q

glipizide adverse reactions

A 
hypoglycemia
agranulocytosis
nvd
nervousness
tremor
farts
75
Q

glipizide moa

A

stimulates pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release

76
Q

lactulose indications

A

constipation

portal systemic encephalopathy

77
Q

lactulose adverse reactions

A 
diarrhea
electrolyte imbalance
farts
cramps
nvd
78
Q

lactulose moa

A

increases stool water content and acidity, traps NH4

79
Q

levonorgestrel indications

A

emergency contraception

80
Q

levonorgestrel adverse reactions

A 
menstrual irregularity
nvd
breast tenderness
headache
fatigue
abdominal pain
81
Q

levonorgestrel moa

A

alters tubal transport of ova and/or sperm, preventing ovulation or fertilization, alters endometrium, possibly preventing implantation

82
Q

levothyroxine indications

A

hypothyroidism, tsh suppression

83
Q

levothyroxine adverse reactions

A

arrhytmias
chf
angina
hyperthyroid stuff

84
Q

metformin indications

A

DM2

PCOS

85
Q

metformin adverse reactions

A 
lactic acidosis
anemia (megaloblastic)
nvd
farts
tummy pain
metallic taste
ovulation induction
86
Q

metformin moa

A

decreases hepatic glucose production and intestinal glucose absorption, increases insulin sensitivity

87
Q

methimazole indications

A

hyperthyroidism

88
Q

methimazole adverse reactions

A 
agranulocytosis
nv
arthralgia
alopecia
hypothyroid stuff
89
Q

methimazole moa

A

inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis

90
Q

mirena adverse reactions

A 
ectopic preg.
perf
amenorrhea 
ovarian cysts
pain
depression
breast tenderness
decreased libido
91
Q

mirena moa

A

may thicken cervical ucus
may alter endometrium
may inhibit sperm survival

92
Q

norgestimate / ethinyl estradiol aka

A

ortho cyclen

93
Q

norgestimate / ethinyl estradiol adverse reactions

A 
thrombus
nv
bleeding irregularities
htn
emotional lability
weight changes
94
Q

norgestimate / ethinyl estradiol moa

A

suppresses lh and fsh, inhibits ovulation, alters cervical mucus and endometrium

95
Q

pioglitazone indications

A

DM2

96
Q

pioglitazone adverse reactions

A 
chf
hepatotoxicity
macular edema
URI
headache
farts
97
Q

pioglitazone moa

A

increases insulin sensitivity

98
Q

polyethylene glycol indications

A

osmotic laxative

99
Q

polyethylene glycol adverse reactions

A 
electrolyte imbalance
dependence
nvd
farts
cramps
100
Q

premarin indications

A

menopausal symptom control
vaginal atrophy
prevent menopausal osteoporosis

101
Q

premarin adverse reactions

A 
stroke 
mi
htn
Ca Ca Ca
mood
many others
102
Q

psyllium adverse reactions

A

obstruction
constipation
diarrhea

103
Q

repaglinide indications

A

DM2

104
Q

repaglinide adverse reactions

A 
sjs
thrombocytopenia
headache
nvd
constipation
tooth disorder
105
Q

repaglinide moa

A

stimulates pancreatic islet beta cell insulin release

106
Q

senna indications

A

laxative

107
Q

senna adverse reactions

A 
nausea
diarrhea
farts
urine discoloration
melanosis coli
108
Q

senna moa

A

increases peristalsis

109
Q

sildenafil indications

A

pulmonary HTN

ED

110
Q

sildenafil adverse reactions

A

hypotension
priapism
headache
epistaxis

111
Q

sildenafil moa

A

enhances nitric oxide

112
Q

tamoxifen indications

A

BrCa
ovulation induction
mastalgia

113
Q

tamoxifen adverse reactions

A 
thrombi
uterine fibroids
hot flashes
nv
anorexia
headache
vaginal discharge
114
Q

tamoxifen moa

A

selectively binds estrogen receptors, some estrogenic and some anti estrogenic effects

115
Q

tamsulosin indications

A

bph

nephrolithiasis

116
Q

tamsulosin adverse reactions

A 
orthostatic hypotension
sjs
abnormal ejaculation
back pain
decreased libido
somnolence
117
Q

abx commonly responsible for C. diff

A

clindamycin
cephalosporins
amoxicillins

118
Q

Sitagliptin indications

A

Dm2

119
Q

Exenatide indications

A

Dm2

120
Q

Exenatide moa

A

Activates glp1 receptor

121
Q

Exenatide adverse reactions

A

Nvd
Constipation
Nephrotoxicity
Pancreatitis

122
Q

Sitagliptin adverse reactions

A

Sjs
Uri
Headache
Abdominal pain

123
Q

Sitagliptin moa

A

Increases insulin synthesis

124
Q

Propylthiouracil indications

A

Hyperthyroidism

125
Q

Propothiouracil adverse reactions

A 
Sjs 
Fever
Nv
Fever
Vasculitis
126
Q

Propylthiouracil moa

A

Inhibits thyroid hormone synthesis

127
Q

Desmopressin indication

A

Diabetes insipidus

128
Q

Desmopressin adverse reactions

A

Bp changes
Abdominal pain
Water intoxication

129
Q

Desmopressin moa

A

Synthetic adh

130
Q

Medroxyprogesterone indications

A

Amenorrhea
Abnormal uterine bleeding
Postmenopausal endometrial hyperplasia prevention

131
Q

Medroxyprogesterone adverse reactions

A

Stroke
Mi
Ca ca ca
Lots of discomfort

132
Q

Medroxyprogesterone moa

A

Inhibits pituitary gonadotropin release

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