PH,acid,base,buffers Flashcards
Is water an electrolyte
No
Does water conduct electricity and explain why
Yes, because it ionizes in small extent. Thats called water self-ionization
What is self-ionozation konstant
Kw=10^(-14) mol²/dm⁶
Kw=[H+][OH-]
Explain how conc.of H+ and OH- impact acidity of the solutiom
[H+]=[OH-]=>neutral
[H+]>[OH-]=>acidic
[H+]<[OH-]=>basic
What is formula for pH and [H+]
pH=-log[H+]
[H+]=10^(-pH)
How does pH impact acidity of the solution
pH=7=>neutral
pH>7=>basic
pH<7=>acidic
What are Arrhenius definition of acid and bases
Acid=substance that gives H+ when ionized in water
Base=substance that gives OH- when ionized in water
What are acid and bases in Brønsted-Lowry theory
Acid donates proton(H+)
Bases accepts proton(H+)
What are conjugate acid/bases
Products of bases/acids when they react w water
What is Lewis theory when it comes to acid and bases
It bases on accepting and donating e-.Acid is the one that accepts and base is the one that donates a pair on non binding e-
What are strong acids and give example
They have high tendency to donate protons. In aquous solution they prpduce H3O+ amd they go to completion(aka,they are fully ionized)
Ex:
HCL
HBr
HI
H2SO4
HNO3
HClO4
What are strong bases and give and example
They have high tendenca to accept protons and with water form OH-. They are fully ionized
Ex:
NaOH
LiOH
KOH
Ca(OH)2
Sr(OH)2
Ba(OH)2
What are weak acids
Reaction with water is incomplete
Ex:
CH3COOH
HCN
H2CO3
H2SO3
H2S
HF
Write formula for pKa
pKa=-log(Ka)
What is degree of ionization of weak acid
Number of ionized molecules×100/num.dissolved in water
[H+]/[HA]0
What are weak bases and examples
Reaction w water is incomplete
NH3
NH2CH3
C5H5N-pyridine