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SWINE PRODUCTION > pg. 41-45 GLOSSARY OF TERMS > Flashcards

pg. 41-45 GLOSSARY OF TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

-a chemical substances that prevents the growth & development of microorganism

A

ANTISEPTICS

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2
Q

-a high molecular-weight substance (usually a protein) which, when foreign to the bloodstream of the animal, stimulates formation of a specific antibody.

A

ANTIGEN

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3
Q

-a protein substance developed or synthesized by lymphoid tissues of the body in response to an antigenic stimulus; each elicits production of a specific antibody. In disease defense, the animal must have an encounter with the pathogens/ antigen before a specific antibody is developed in its blood.

A

ANTIBODY

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4
Q

a chemical substance derived from a mold or bacteria that inhibit the growth of another microorganism.

A

ANTIBIOTIC

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5
Q

any drug or chemical used to destroy parasitic worms.

A

ANTHELMINTIC

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6
Q

reduction in the quantity of hemoglobin (oxygen carrier in the blood); the main symptoms are paleness, hurried breathing & low resistance to infection.

A

ANEMIA

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7
Q

management method wherein a group of fattening pigs enters the unit at the same time and leaves together at a certain period once they reach the market weight.

A

ALL IN/ALL OUT

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8
Q

failure to secrete milk following birth; absence of milk.

A

AGALACTIA

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9
Q

referring to a disease which has a rapid onset, short course & pronounced signs.

A

ACUTE

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10
Q

a condition in which the acidity of the body fluids & tissues is abnormally high

A

ACIDOSIS

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11
Q

collective

A

ACCUMULATIVE

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12
Q

the state or quality to be reached.

A

ACCESSIBILITY

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13
Q

adjustment of the breeding pig to the conditions prevailing in the farm to which it has been introduced to enable it to perform to optimum standards.

A

ACCLIMATIZATION

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14
Q

expulsion of fetuses; expulsion of fully developed piglets before the completion of pregnancy and before they are able to survive.

A

ABORTION

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15
Q

localized

A

ABCESS

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16
Q

slaughter house

A

ABATTOIR

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17
Q

tear in the skin due to friction or rubbing

A

ABRASION

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18
Q

an equipment where a sow is placed before farrowing until weaning to avoid crushing piglets.

A

FARROWING CRATE

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19
Q

the act giving birth in sow

A

FARROWING

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20
Q

ny fluid that has move out of a tissue or its capillaries, because of injury or inflammation

A

EXUDATIVE

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21
Q

endemic; denoting a disease of animals which indigenous to a certain locality.

A

ENZOOTIC

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22
Q

a painful infection in the intestine.

A

ENTERITIS

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23
Q

relating to or affecting the intestine

A

ENTERIC

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24
Q

period of sexual receptivity in female; heat period

A

ESTRUS

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25
Q

vigor or power in action.

A

ENERGY

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26
Q

the final/market weight

A

END WEIGHT

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27
Q

excessive loss of flesh

A

EMACIATION

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28
Q

swelling of the part or all of the body due to accumulation of excess water.

A

EDEMA

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29
Q

difficulty of farrowing

A

DYSTOCIA

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30
Q

difficulty in breathing

A

DYSPNEA

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31
Q

where fatteners are supposed to defecate

A

DUNGING AREA

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32
Q

non-pregnant sows; unbred sow which has just been weaned

A

DRY SOW

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33
Q

the time interval from weaning to service

A

DRY PERIOD

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34
Q

carcass weight; weight after slaughtering and removal of entrails

A

DRESSED WEIGHT

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35
Q

moisture

A

DRAFT

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36
Q

a CHEMICAL capable of destroying disease-(causing microorganism or parasites)

A

DISINFECTANT

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37
Q

gross energy minus fecal energy

A

DIGESTIBLE ENERGY

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38
Q

a selection or combination of different feedstuffs provided in a continuous schedule

A

RATION

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39
Q

fecal looseness

A

DIARRHEA

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40
Q

a pig which has been sold for slaughter.

A

MARKET PIG

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41
Q

loss of body fluids

A

DEHYDRATION

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42
Q

a mother pig

A

DAM

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43
Q

an ovary containing an abnormal sac containing gas, fluid or semi solid material, with a membranous lining.

A

CYSTIC OVARY

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44
Q

bluish discoloration of the extremities due to circulatory disturbances

A

CYANOSIS

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45
Q

the removal of undesirable or unproductive animals within the herd.

A

CULLING

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46
Q

all unwanted animals removed from the herd

A

CULLS

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47
Q

a thin, hard, dry layer on the surface

A

CRUST

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48
Q

mainly due to crumpling

A

CRUSHING

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49
Q

– place for piglets inside the following/rearing pen

A

CREEP AREA

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50
Q

type of disinfectant used to increase solubility & applied in 2-4 solution

A

CRESOL

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51
Q

can be easily transferred

A

CONTAGIOUS

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52
Q

an organism is inside the pig’s body without causing any clinical damage or disease

A

CONTAMINATION

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53
Q

a condition or disease that has affected the animal since birth

A

CONGENITAL

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54
Q

percentage of sows that become pregnant after service

A

CONCEPTION RATE

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55
Q

act of fertilization

A

CONCEPTION

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56
Q

the 1st secretion of the breast, occurring shortly after or sometimes before birth. It contains serum, while blood cells & antibodies
A yellowish milky fluid secreted by the mammary gland shortly before and a few days after farrowing

A

COLUSTRUM

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57
Q

referring to direct observation

A

CLINICAL

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58
Q

referring to a disease condition that is continuous and long lasting

A

CHRONIC

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59
Q

to make a hole

A

BURROW

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60
Q

small broken blood vessels

A

BRUISES

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61
Q

animals used for reproduction (sows, gilts, boars,)

A

BREEDERS

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62
Q

male pig of any age that is usually intended for breeding

A

BOAR

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63
Q

the presence of bacteria or microorganism in the blood

A

BACTEREMIA

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64
Q

the average increase in weight of an animal per day

A

AVERAGE DAILY GAIN

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65
Q

shrinkage of a normal organ

A

ATROPHY

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66
Q

shaky movements & unsteady gait

A

ATAXIA

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67
Q

inflammation of the joints

A

ARTHRITIS

68
Q

suffocation

A

ASPHYXIATION

69
Q

disease and infections that are naturally transmitted from animal to man

A

ZOONOTIC DISEASE

70
Q

the added weight of a pig from one period to another

A

WEIGHT GAIN

71
Q

a young pig, separated from the sow, about 30 to 90 days old

A

WEANLING

72
Q

the process of separating the young from its dam

A

WEANING

73
Q

a pig which has been separated from it become a fully mature piglet

A

WEANER

74
Q

the average number of piglets weaned from one sow for one year

A

WEANED PIGLETS PER SOW PER YEAR

75
Q

the external genitalia of the female

A

VULVA

76
Q

one of a group of minute infectious agents

A

VIRUS

77
Q

a boar that has undergone vasectomy which is the excision of a segment of the vas deferens, performed to produce sterility

A

VASECTOMIZED BOAR

78
Q

n injection of vaccine, bacterin, antiserum or antitoxin to produce immunity or tolerance to disease

A

VACCINATION

79
Q

a suspension of killed microorganism (bacteria, viruses) administered for the prevention of infection disease.

A

VACCINE

80
Q

a part of the female reproduction tract where the embryo is implanted to become a dully mature piglet ready for expulsion

A

UTERUS

81
Q

state which the uterine muscles are floppy, lacking their normal elasticity

A

UTERINE ATONY

82
Q

composed of teats and mammary glands

A

UDDER

83
Q

Pigs produced from the mating of a two-breed crossbred sow to selected terminal sire of different breed

A

TRIPLE CROSS PIGS

84
Q

poison

A

TOXINS

85
Q

condition where blood contains poisonous products produced by the body cells from microorganism

A

TOXEMIA

86
Q

tied to a post or tree

A

TETHERED

87
Q

spasm and writing of the muscles, particularly those of the face, hands and feet

A

TETANY

88
Q

a boar used in crossbreeding program for the production of slaughter pigs (e. g) duroc or duroc x pie train sires)

A

TERMINAL SIRE

89
Q

monitoring data which will enable the pig raiser to have a clear understanding of the farm results and the status of the farm performance

A

TECHNICAL PARAMETERS

90
Q

a young pig from birth up to weaning

A

SUCKLING

91
Q

happening at the same time

A

SYNCHRONIZE

92
Q

prevention of breathing

A

SUFFOCATION

93
Q

describing a disease that is suspected but is not sufficient developed to produce definite signs & symptoms of the animal

A

SUB CLINICAL

94
Q

stopped growth

A

STUNTED

95
Q

a group of organisms having special properties distinguishing them from other members of the same species

A

STRAINS

96
Q

worksheet which allows a pig raiser to program and plan the number of gilts and boars to be purchased and mated at any given time in order to achieve the targeted population in a pig farm with a specified level of production.

A

STOCK PROJECTION SHEET

97
Q

a fully developed piglet which was born dead

A

STILL BORN

98
Q

the animal lies on its chest

A

STERNAL RECUMBENCY

99
Q

initial weight

A

STARTING WEIGHT

100
Q

pig from 15 – 30 kgs

A

STARTERS

101
Q

given to piglets & weaners usually at 45 days (10kgs) to +100 days old (30- 35 kgs) with CP at 18%

A

STARTER FEED

102
Q

Not fresh

A

STALE

103
Q

legs that are spread further apart

A

SPLAY LEGS

104
Q

the cord, consisting of the vas deferens, nerves & blood vessels, that runs from the abdominal cavity to the testicle of scrotum

A

SPERMATIC CORD

105
Q

an involuntary muscular contraction; if painful, usually referred to as a cramp, if violent, a convulsion

A

SPASM

106
Q

manure female pig; one that has given birth

A

SOW

107
Q

long nose of the pig

A

SNOUT

108
Q

a thin narrow piece of wood, metal, iron etc. used for flooring in the pens

A

SLAT

109
Q

weight loss

A

SHRINKAGE

110
Q

the act of breeding

A

SERVICE

111
Q

the colorless fluid portion of the blood remaining after clotting & removal of corpuscles

A

SERUM

112
Q

feeding device used for ad-libitum feeding practices

A

SELF FEEDER

113
Q

bag of flesh that contains the testicles

A

SCROTUM

114
Q

fecal looseness; diarrhea

A

SCOUR

115
Q

provisions means whereby health is protected or arrangement for disposal of manure or waste

A

SANITATION

116
Q

a pathogenic, diarrhea-producing organism, of which there are over 100 known stains, sometimes present in contaminated feeds

A

SALMONELLA

117
Q

feed consisting of bulky & coarse plant parts; containing high fiber & low digestible nutrients, arbitrarily defined as fed over 18% crude fiber; classified as earlier dry or green

A

ROUGHAGE

118
Q

a disease in which the bone do not harden & are malformed due to a deficiency of vitamin D

A

RICKETS

119
Q

inflammation of the turbinate

A

RHINITIS

120
Q

the total process by which pigs produce offspring

A

REPRODUCTION

121
Q

happening or appearing repeatedly

A

RECURRENT

122
Q

not able to stand; too weak to stand

A

RECUMBENT

123
Q

surfactant commonly used for general disinfection of dairy, meat- packing & food handling equipment

A

QUARTERNARY AMMONIUM COMPOUND

124
Q

placing all animals that have been bought in isolation for a certain period of time; compulsory segregation of exposed susceptible animals for a period of time equal to the longest usual incubation period of the disease to which they have been exposed. An enforced regulation for the exclusion or isolation of an animal to prevent the spread of a disease.

A

QUARANTINE

125
Q

sexual maturity exhibited by 1st heat or ovulation

A

PUBERTY

126
Q

false pregnancy

A

PSEUDOPREGNANCY

127
Q

itching

A

PRURITUS

128
Q

losing strength, energy

A

PROSTRATION

129
Q

hormone which is mainly responsible for the termination of farrowing, it also causes abortion or premature farrowing

A

PROSTAGLANDIN

130
Q

Severe

A

PROFUSE

131
Q

Preventive

A

PROPYLACTIC

132
Q

abnormal protrusion of a part of organ

A

PROLAPSE

133
Q

– the colorless fluid portion of the blood remaining after clotting & removal of corpuscles

A

SERUM

134
Q

the period from one pregnancy to another

A

PRODUCTION CYCLE

135
Q

– the period from fertilization to farrowing time; also known as gestation.

A

PREGNANCY

136
Q

– given to piglets at 14 – 21 days of age with a CP of 20%

A

PRE-STARTER FEED

137
Q

inflammation of the lungs usually manifested by coughing

A

PNEUMONIA

138
Q

inflammation of the pleura or the membranous covering of the lungs

A

PLEURITIS

139
Q

Scab

A

PLAQUE

140
Q

the organ of metabolic interchange between the fetuses and the sow.

A

PLACENTA

141
Q

the number of piglets born alive in one farrowing

A

PIGLETS BORN ALIVE PER LITTER

142
Q

symbol for logarithm of thereciprocal of the (H) ion concentration; a solution with pH 7:00 is neutral, one with a pH of more than 7:00 is alkaline, one with a pH lower than 7:00 is acidic

A

pH

143
Q

a strong material in the pelvis that holds the origin in its place

A

PELVIC LIGAMENT

144
Q

the ability of the organism to cause damage or disease

A

PATHOGENIC

145
Q

disease causing organism

A

PATHOGENS

146
Q

– loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury or disease of the nerve supply

A

PARALYSIS

147
Q

number of farrowing

A

PARITIES

148
Q

loss of power of voluntary movement in a muscle through injury or disease of the nerve supply

A

PARALYSIS

149
Q

medical examination done by touching the body

A

PALPATE

150
Q

a medical treatment that will not cure a problem but will reduce the pain

A

PALLIATIVE

151
Q

a hormone which is mainly responsible for uterine contraction and milk flow

A

OXYTOCIN

152
Q

–the release of egg cell or ovum from the ovary

A

OVULATION

153
Q

a titanic spasm in which the spine & extremities are bent with convexity forward, the body resting on the head & the heels, sometimes with bulging of the eyes

A

OPISTHOTONOS

154
Q

connected with the sense of smell

A

OLFACTORY

155
Q

the number of days an animal stay in a pen

A

OCCUPANCY

156
Q

extremely unpleasant

A

OBNOXIOUS

157
Q

the chemical substance found in feed materials that can be used, and are necessary for the maintenance, production & health; the chief classes of nutrients are carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins & water

A

NUTRIENTS

158
Q

death of tissue

A

NECROSIS

159
Q

viscous fluid secreted by mucous membranes in many parts of the body, including the mouth, bronchial passages & gut; mucous acts as protective barrier over surfaces of the membranes

A

MUCOUS

160
Q

Number of dead pigs

A

MORTALITY

161
Q

Number of affected animals

A

MORBIDITY

162
Q

inflammation of the uterus

A

METRITIS

163
Q

the first feces of a newborn which are sticky and brown

A

MECONIUM

164
Q

inflammation of breast or mammary gland

A

MASTITIS

165
Q

the final weight of a pig for slaughtering/marketing

A

MARKET WEIGHT

SWINE PRODUCTION (9 decks)

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