Petroleum Alternatives(ნავთობის ალტერნატივები)

Question 1

constraint n.

Answer 1

Something that restricts thought or action(იძულება, ზემოქმედება, ჩახშობა)

example–The constraints of military life kept Eileen from seeing Private Morris more than once a month.

Parts of speech constrain v

Question 2

contamination n.

Answer 2

Being made less clean by a germ or hazardous substance(დაბინძურება, ინფიცირება)

example–The contamination in the river came from the factory located just
upstream.

Parts of speech–contaminate v, contaminant n(მინარევი, შენარევი)

Question 3

deplete v.(დი-ფლით)

Answer 3

To greatly decrease the supply of a resource or material(მარაგის/რესურსის გამოლევა, დაცლა)

example–The prolonged(ხანგრძლივი, მუდმივი, გაჭიანურებული) war depleted the country’s national treasury.

Parts of speech–depletion n

Question 4

dispose of v.

Answer 4

To throw away; to get rid of; to kill(მოიშორო, გადააგდო, მოკლა, განკარგო)

example1–She disposed of her unwanted possessions before moving.

example2–The tyrant cruelly disposed of all his enemies.

Usage tips–Dispose of should be learned as a unit. In this meaning, dispose does not occur without of.

Parts of speech–disposal n(ჩაბარება, გადაცემა, განკარგვა), disposable adj(ერთჯერადი, განკარგულებაში მყოფი)

Question 5

elementally adv.(ელემენტარულად)

Answer 5

In terms of elements; basically

example–Elementally, coal and diamonds are the same

Parts of speech–element n, elemental adj(ძირითადი, ფუნდამენტური)

Question 6

emission n.

Answer 6

Sending out from a small space into the general environment; a substance discharged into the air(დაბინძურება, გამოსხივება, ქაღალდის ფულის გამოცემა)

example–The Environmental Protection Agency regulates the emission of
pollutants into the air.

Usage tips–Emission is usually followed by an ‘‘of’’ phrase.

Parts of speech–emit v.

Question 7

extinction n.

Answer 7

Complete disappearance; the end of existence(გადაშენება, განადგურება)

example–Human beings have caused the extinction of many other species.

Usage tips–Extinction implies an absolute end; an extinct thing cannot be brought back into existence.

Parts of speech–extinct adj(გადაშენებული, შეწყვეტილი)

Question 8

reservoir n. (რე-ზერ-ვუარ)

Answer 8

A place where a liquid is collected and stored(რეზერვუარი, საცავი)

example–Cult members threatened to poison the town’s water reservoir.

Parts of speech–reserve v(შენახვა)

Question 9

shrink v.

Answer 9

To become reduced in size, amount, or value(შემცირება ზომაში მოცულობაში, მოჭერა)

example–If you dry your clothing on the “high heat” setting, they may shrink.

Parts of speech–shrinkage n(შეკუმშვა, შემცირება), shrinkable adj(შეკუმშვადი)

Question 10

stable adj.

Answer 10

Firm(მტკიცე) and dependable; showing little change(სტაბილური)

EXAMPLE–He fell because the ladder wasn’t stable.

Parts of speech–stability n, stably adv(სტაბილურად)