Pertinent Physical Exam Dermatology Flashcards
What is the Fitzpatrick scale?
- Measured from I to VI
- I = light skin color
- VI = Dark skin color
What is annular (ring) shape?
Ring shape with central clearing
What is round (nummular) shape?
- Solid circle or oval
- Uniform appearance from edges to center
What is arcuate shape?
- Arc-shaped
- Results from incomplete formation of an annular leasion
What is multiform shape?
Multiple different shapes located closely together (grab-bag)
What is polycyclic shape?
Formed from coalescing circles, rings, or incomplete rings
What is targetoid shape?
Target-like, center darker than periphery
What is punctate shape?
Dot-like; typically around 1mm
What is umbilicated shape?
- Central depression of the surface
- Also known as “delled”
What is linear shape?
Resembling a straight line
What is serpiginous shape?
Serpentine or snake like
What is exudate fluid?
Protein rich fluid containing cellular elements extruded from blood vessels secondary to inflammation or injury
What is serosanguinous fluid?
Thin, pink colored discharge associated with normal wound healing
What is seropurulent fluid?
Mild, yellow and cloudy discharge associated with mild infections
What is purulent fluid?
Thick yellow to green discharge typically associated with infection
What is serous fluid?
Thin, clear discharge associated with and expected in inflammatory stage of wound healing
What is sanguineous fluid?
Thin, darker red drainage associated with capillary permeability and/or capillary injuries
What is serum?
Dried crust
What is a macule?
Flat, circumscribed area of color change <1 cm diameter
What is a patch?
A flat, non-palpable, irregularly shaped macule >1cm in diameter
What is a papule?
Elevated, firm, circumscribed area <1cm in diameter
What is a plaque?
Elevated, firm, rough lesion with a flat top >1cm in diameter
What is a vesicle?
Elevated, circumscribed, superficial fluid-filled (clear/serous) <1cm
What is a pustule?
Elevated, superficial lesion.
- Similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid
What is a bulla?
Vesicle > 1cm
What is a wheal (hive)?
Elevated, irregularly-shaped area of cutaneous edema
- Solid, variable, and transient diameter
What is a nodule?
Elevated, firm, circumscribed lesion
- deeper in the dermis than a papule
- 1-2 cm in diameter
What is a tumor/mass?
Elevated and solid lesion
- May or may not be clearly demarcated
- Deep in dermis
- > 2 cm
What is a cyst?
Encapsulated lesion in dermis or hypodermis
- filled with liquid or semi-solid material
What is telangiectasia?
Fine, irregular, red line produced by capillary dilation
